Do rails rake tasks provide access to ActiveRecord models?

242

votes

I am trying to create a custom rake task, but it seems I dont have access to my models. I thought this was something implicitly included with rails task.

I have the following code in lib/tasks/test.rake:

namespace :test do
  task :new_task do
    puts Parent.all.inspect
  end
end

And here is what my parent model looks like:

class Parent < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :children
end

It's a pretty simple example, but I get the following error:

/> rake test:new_task
(in /Users/arash/Documents/dev/soft_deletes)
rake aborted!
uninitialized constant Parent

(See full trace by running task with --trace)

Any ideas? Thanks

ruby-on-railsactiverecordraketask

419

votes

Figured it out, the task should look like:

namespace :test do
  task :new_task => :environment do
    puts Parent.all.inspect
  end
end

Notice the => :environment dependency added to the task

17

votes

you might need to require your configuration (which should specify all your required models etc)

eg:

require 'config/environment'

alternatively you can just require each seperately, but you might have environment issues AR not set up etc)

12

votes

When you begin writing your rake tasks, use a generator to stub them out for you.

For example:

rails g task my_tasks task_one task_two task_three

You'll get a stub created in lib/tasks called my_tasks.rake (obviously use your own namespace.) Which will look like this:

namespace :my_tasks do

  desc "TODO"
  task :task_one => :environment do 
  end  

  desc "TODO"
  task :task_two => :environment do 
  end  

  desc "TODO"
  task :task_three => :environment do 
  end  

end

All your rails models etc. will be available for the current environment from within each task block, unless you're using the production environment, in which case you need to require the specific models you want to use. Do this within the body of the task. (IIRC this varies between different versions of Rails.)

4

votes

With the new ruby hash syntax (Ruby 1.9) the environment will be added like this to the rake task:

namespace :test do
  task new_task: :environment do
    puts Parent.all.inspect
  end
end

4

votes

Generate task using below command (namespace with task name):

rails g task test new_task

Use below syntax to add logic:

namespace :test do
  desc 'Test new task'
  task new_task: :environment do
    puts Parent.all.inspect
  end
end

Run above task using below command:

bundle exec rake test:new_task

or

 rake test:new_task

2

votes

The :environment dependency is quite correctly called out, but rake still may not know about other gems that your models depend on - in one case of mine, 'protected_attributes'.

The answer is to run:

bundle exec rake test:new_task

This guarantees that the environment includes any gems specified in your Gemfile.

Do rails rake tasks provide access to ActiveRecord models?

6 Answers