C++ - No directory found when executing makefile

Question

OS: Windows 10 - Compiler: mingw64

I have a very simple program that uses OpenGL. My only file, main.cpp, is the following:

/*
 * OGL02Animation.cpp: 3D Shapes with animation
 */
//#include <windows.h>  // for MS Windows
#include <GL/glut.h>  // GLUT, include glu.h and gl.h

/* Global variables */
char title[] = "3D Shapes with animation";
GLfloat anglePyramid = 0.0f;  // Rotational angle for pyramid [NEW]
GLfloat angleCube = 0.0f;     // Rotational angle for cube [NEW]
int refreshMills = 15;        // refresh interval in milliseconds [NEW]

/* Initialize OpenGL Graphics */
void initGL() {
   glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // Set background color to black and opaque
   glClearDepth(1.0f);                   // Set background depth to farthest
   glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);   // Enable depth testing for z-culling
   glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);    // Set the type of depth-test
   glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);   // Enable smooth shading
   glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);  // Nice perspective corrections
}

/* Handler for window-repaint event. Called back when the window first appears and
   whenever the window needs to be re-painted. */
void display() {
   glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Clear color and depth buffers
   glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);     // To operate on model-view matrix

   // Render a color-cube consisting of 6 quads with different colors
   glLoadIdentity();                 // Reset the model-view matrix
   glTranslatef(1.5f, 0.0f, -7.0f);  // Move right and into the screen
   glRotatef(angleCube, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Rotate about (1,1,1)-axis [NEW]

   glBegin(GL_QUADS);                // Begin drawing the color cube with 6 quads
      // Top face (y = 1.0f)
      // Define vertices in counter-clockwise (CCW) order with normal pointing out
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,  1.0f);

      // Bottom face (y = -1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f);     // Orange
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);

      // Front face  (z = 1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, 1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);

      // Back face (z = -1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Yellow
      glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f( 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);

      // Left face (x = -1.0f)
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);

      // Right face (x = 1.0f)
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Magenta
      glVertex3f(1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f);
      glVertex3f(1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f);
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
   glEnd();  // End of drawing color-cube

   // Render a pyramid consists of 4 triangles
   glLoadIdentity();                  // Reset the model-view matrix
   glTranslatef(-1.5f, 0.0f, -6.0f);  // Move left and into the screen
   glRotatef(anglePyramid, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);  // Rotate about the (1,1,0)-axis [NEW]

   glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);           // Begin drawing the pyramid with 4 triangles
      // Front
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);

      // Right
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);

      // Back
      glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);     // Red
      glVertex3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);     // Green
      glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);     // Blue
      glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);

      // Left
      glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);       // Red
      glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);       // Blue
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);
      glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);       // Green
      glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);
   glEnd();   // Done drawing the pyramid

   glutSwapBuffers();  // Swap the front and back frame buffers (double buffering)

   // Update the rotational angle after each refresh [NEW]
   anglePyramid += 0.2f;
   angleCube -= 0.15f;
}

/* Called back when timer expired [NEW] */
void timer(int value) {
   glutPostRedisplay();      // Post re-paint request to activate display()
   glutTimerFunc(refreshMills, timer, 0); // next timer call milliseconds later
}

/* Handler for window re-size event. Called back when the window first appears and
   whenever the window is re-sized with its new width and height */
void reshape(GLsizei width, GLsizei height) {  // GLsizei for non-negative integer
   // Compute aspect ratio of the new window
   if (height == 0) height = 1;                // To prevent divide by 0
   GLfloat aspect = (GLfloat)width / (GLfloat)height;

   // Set the viewport to cover the new window
   glViewport(0, 0, width, height);

   // Set the aspect ratio of the clipping volume to match the viewport
   glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);  // To operate on the Projection matrix
   glLoadIdentity();             // Reset
   // Enable perspective projection with fovy, aspect, zNear and zFar
   gluPerspective(45.0f, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);
}

/* Main function: GLUT runs as a console application starting at main() */
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   glutInit(&argc, argv);            // Initialize GLUT
   glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE); // Enable double buffered mode
   glutInitWindowSize(640, 480);   // Set the window's initial width & height
   glutInitWindowPosition(50, 50); // Position the window's initial top-left corner
   glutCreateWindow(title);          // Create window with the given title
   glutDisplayFunc(display);       // Register callback handler for window re-paint event
   glutReshapeFunc(reshape);       // Register callback handler for window re-size event
   initGL();                       // Our own OpenGL initialization
   glutTimerFunc(0, timer, 0);     // First timer call immediately [NEW]
   glutMainLoop();                 // Enter the infinite event-processing loop
   return 0;
}

This is the makefile that I created:

# Makefile

INCLUDE = -I"C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\mingw64\include"

LIBRARIES = -L"C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\mingw64\lib" -lGL -lGLU -lglut -lm -lXi -lXmu -lglu32 -lopengl32 -lfreeglut

COMPILER = g++ --std=c++17
COMPILERFLAGS = -no-pie $(INCLUDE)


PROGRAM =   test

SOURCE =    main.cpp

OBJECT =    main.o


.cc.o: $(SOURCE)
    $(COMPILER) -c $(COMPILERFLAGS) $<

all: $(PROGRAM)

$(PROGRAM): $(OBJECT) $(SOURCE)
    $(COMPILER) $(COMPILERFLAGS) -o $(PROGRAM) $(OBJECT) $(LIBRARIES)

clean:
    -rm -rf core *.o *~ .*~ $(PROGRAM)

As IDE I am using CodeBlocks. When I compile and run the program on the IDE, it works fine. Also, when I build and run the program in the command line, it works fine too:

g++ main.cpp -o output.exe -I"C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\mingw64\include" -lglu32 -lopengl32 -lfreeglut

The only problem comes, when I use the gnu command make. When I do make test in the cmd, I obtain the following error:

g++ -c -o main.o main.cpp main.cpp:5:10: fatal error: GL/glut.h: No such file or directory #include // GLUT, include glu.h and gl.h ^~~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. make: *** [: main.o] Error 1

Are the libraries and paths not well defined in the makefile? I cannot fully understand why make does not work.

Thank you.

You didn't add the include path for GL. What's the path to GL/glut.h? — Thomas Sablik
I can't find this line g++ -c -o main.o main.cpp in your makefile? Are you sure that you use the correct Makefile? — Thomas Sablik
should be this: $(PROGRAM): $(OBJECT) $(SOURCE) $(COMPILER) $(COMPILERFLAGS) -o $(PROGRAM) $(OBJECT) $(LIBRARIES), right? — edualvarado
The output of this line should be g++ --std=c++17 -no-pie -I"C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\mingw64\include" -o test -L"C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\mingw64\lib" -lGL -lGLU -lglut -lm -lXi -lXmu -lglu32 -lopengl32 -lfreeglut. But the actual output is g++ -c -o main.o main.cpp. Currently you are using a different makefile. Your error message can't be produced by the given Makefile. A Makefile must be named exactly Makefile with an uppercase M. Or you have to call make -f makefile — Thomas Sablik

Botje Botje · Accepted Answer · 2020-05-08T12:16:40

You defined a rule .cc.o which defines compilation using your own variable names. However, your file is name main.cpp, so it will use the default rule:

.cpp.o:
    $(COMPILE.cpp) $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<

with the following default definitions:

COMPILE.cpp = $(COMPILE.cc)
COMPILE.cc = $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(TARGET_ARCH) -c
OUTPUT_OPTION = -o $@

So either change the filename of main.cpp to main.cc, the definition of COMPILE.cpp, or the definition of the .cpp.o target. Alternatively, you can add your flags to the default variable names and drop the .cc.o rule.

C++ - No directory found when executing makefile

1 Answers