makefile:4: *** missing separator. Stop

Question

This is my makefile:

all:ll

ll:ll.c   
  gcc  -c  -Wall -Werror -02 c.c ll.c  -o  ll  $@  $<

clean :
  \rm -fr ll

When I try to make clean or make make, I get this error:

:makefile:4: *** missing separator.  Stop.

How can I fix it?

Answer 1

make has a very stupid relationship with tabs. All actions of every rule are identified by tabs. And, no, four spaces don't make a tab. Only a tab makes a tab.

To check, I use the command cat -e -t -v makefile_name.

It shows the presence of tabs with ^I and line endings with $. Both are vital to ensure that dependencies end properly and tabs mark the action for the rules so that they are easily identifiable to the make utility.

Example:

Kaizen ~/so_test $ cat -e -t -v  mk.t
all:ll$      ## here the $ is end of line ...                   
$
ll:ll.c   $
^Igcc  -c  -Wall -Werror -02 c.c ll.c  -o  ll  $@  $<$ 
## the ^I above means a tab was there before the action part, so this line is ok .
 $
clean :$
   \rm -fr ll$
## see here there is no ^I which means , tab is not present .... 
## in this case you need to open the file again and edit/ensure a tab 
## starts the action part

Answer 2

On VS Code, just click the "Space: 4" on the downright corner and change it to tab when editing your Makefile.

Answer 3

You should always write command after a Tab and not white space.

This applies to gcc line (line #4) in your case. You need to insert tab before gcc.

Also replace \rm -fr ll with rm -fr ll. Insert tabs before this command too.

Answer 4

The solution for PyCharm would be to install a Makefile support plugin:

1. Open Preferences (cmd + ,)
2. Go to Plugins -> Marketplace
3. Search for Makefile support, install and restart the IDE.

This should fix the problem and provide a syntax for a makefile.

Answer 5

Using .editorconfig to fix the tabs automagically:

root = true

[*]
charset = utf-8
end_of_line = lf
insert_final_newline = true
indent_style = space
indent_size = 4

[Makefile]
indent_style = tab

Answer 6

Its pretty old question but still I would like say about one more option using vi/vim editor to visualize the tabs. If you have vi/vim installed then open a Makefile (e.g. vim Makefile) and enter :set list. This will show number of tabs inserted as below,

 %-linux: force$
^I@if [ "$(GCC_VERSION)" = "2.96" ] ; then \$
^I^Iecho ===== Generating build tree for legacy $@ architecture =====; \$
^I^I$(CONFIGURE) $(CWD) $@ legacy; \$
^Ielse \$
^I^Iecho ===== Generating build tree for $@ architecture =====; \$
^I^I$(CONFIGURE) $(CWD) $@; \$
^Ifi$
^Icd build-$@;make$

Answer 7

The key point was "HARD TAB" 1. Check whether you used TAB instead of whitespace 2. Check your .vimrc for "set tabstop=X"

Answer 8

TLDR;

makefile syntax can be quirky
if you want a line of code to be interpreted as make code it must only be indented with spaces.
if you want a line of code to be interpreted as bash code it must only be indented with tabs

sometask:
  ifeq($FOO,bar)   // this is make code. only spaces
    echo "foobar"  // this is bash code. only tabs
  endif            // again, this is make code. only spaces

technically its the leading indentation that dictates the interpreter.

Answer 9

If anyone of you are using a product from Intellij, the solution for this it's the following:

1. Go to Preferences > Editor > Code Style
2. here you need to select the file type related to your problem. But most probably you need to select Other File Types.
3. In the tab opened mark the checkbox for Use tab character and be careful, Tab size and Indent values must be 4.

Answer 10

If you are using mcedit for makefile edit. you have to see the following mark.

Answer 11

This is because tab is replaced by spaces. To disable this feature go to

gedit->edit->preferences->editor

and remove check for

"replace tab with space"

Answer 12

Use -A or --show-all to show everything for simplicity.

Answer 13

If you are editing your Makefile in eclipse:

Windows-> Preferences->General->Editor->Text Editors->Show Whitespace Characters -> Apply

Or use the shortcut shown below.

Tab will be represented by gray ">>" and Space will be represented by gray "." as in figure below.

Answer 14

Your version of Linux doesn't support this kind of functionality please go for another suitable version i.e. Kali Linux or Red Hat.