You can effectively disable the index refresh by setting the interval value to -1. Below is a code sample that shows how to set the refresh interval to -1 using the Nest client. Then you can do your bulk operations and afterwards set the refresh interval back to the default of 1 second.
//Set Index Refresh Interval to -1, essentially disabling the refresh
var updateDisableIndexRefresh = new UpdateIndexSettingsRequest();
updateDisableIndexRefresh.IndexSettings.RefreshInterval = Time.MinusOne;
client.UpdateIndexSettings(updateDisableIndexRefresh);
//Do your bulk operations here...
//Reset the Index Refresh Interval back to 1 second, the default setting.
var updateEnableIndexRefresh = new UpdateIndexSettingsRequest();
updateEnableIndexRefresh.IndexSettings.RefreshInterval = new Time(1, TimeUnit.Second);
client.UpdateIndexSettings(updateEnableIndexRefresh);