Nullable return types in PHP7

Question

PHP 7 introduces return type declarations. Which means I can now indicate the return value is a certain class, interface, array, callable or one of the newly hintable scalar types, as is possible for function parameters.

function returnHello(): string {
    return 'hello';
}

Often it happens that a value is not always present, and that you might return either something of some type, or null. While you can make parameters nullable by setting their default to null (DateTime $time = null), there does not appear to be a way to do this for return types. Is that indeed the case, or am I somehow not finding how to do it? These do not work:

function returnHello(): string? {
    return 'hello';
}

function returnHello(): string|null {
    return 'hello';
}

PHP7 won't allow nullable return types yet, but there's an RFC that aims to address this in PHP 7.1 here. The propesed notation would then be function returnString(?string $stringNull) : ?string { return $stringNull;} — Elias Van Ootegem
I've ended up emulating nullability by abusing exceptions in my application for now. If you're fine with being silly as well, this might be of use: github.com/JeroenDeDauw/OhMyPhp/blob/master/src/… — Jeroen De Dauw
Perhaps it might make more sense to use the PHP7 Trowable interface (specifically, extending the TypeError) — Elias Van Ootegem

Elias Van Ootegem Elias Van Ootegem · Accepted Answer · 2015-11-09T12:34:03

PHP 7.1 Now supports nullable return types. The first RFC I linked to is the one they went for:

function nullOrString(int $foo) : ?string
{
    return $foo%2 ? "odd" : null;
}

old answer:

Since my comment was actually an answer to the question:

PHP 7 won't support nullable return-types just yet, but there's an RFC out to address just that, it aims to land in PHP 7.1. If it passes, the syntax would then affect all type-hints (both return types and type-hints):

public function returnStringOrNull(?array $optionalArray) : ?string
{
    if ($optionalArray) {
        return implode(', ', $optionalArray);//string returned here
    }
    return null;
}

There's also a competing RFC to add union types, which would be able to do the same thing, but would look different:

public function returnStringOrNull(array|null $optionalArray) : string|null
{
    if ($optionalArray) {
        return implode(', ', $optionalArray);//string returned here
    }
    return null;
}

For now, though, you'll have to write:

public function returnStringOrNull( array $optionalArray = null)
{
    if ($optionalArray) {
        return implode(', ', $optionalArray);
    }
}

Or just return an empty string to be consistent with the return type, and check falsy value:

public function returnStringOrNull( array $optionalArray = null) : string
{
    if ($optionalArray) {
        return implode(', ', $optionalArray);
    }
    return '';
}
//call
$string = $x->returnStringOrNull();
if (!$string) {
    $string = $x->returnStringOrNull(range(1, 10));
}

Nullable return types in PHP7

3 Answers

old answer: