How to view files in binary from bash?

Question

I would like to view the contents of a file in the current directory, but in binary from the command line. How can I achieve this?

Answer 1

xxd does both binary and hexadecimal.

bin:

xxd -b file

hex:

xxd file

Answer 2

hexdump -C yourfile.bin

unless you want to edit it of course. Most linux distros have hexdump by default (but obviously not all).

Answer 3

vi your_filename

hit esc

Type :%!xxd to view the hex strings, the n :%!xxd -r to return to normal editing.

Answer 4

As a fallback there's always od -xc filename

Answer 5

If you want to open binary files (in CentOS 7):

strings <binary_filename>

Answer 6

sudo apt-get install bless

Bless is GUI tool which can view, edit, seach and a lot more. Its very light weight.

Answer 7

$ echo -n 'Hello world!' | hd
00000000  48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 77 6f  72 6c 64 21              |Hello world!|
0000000c

Answer 8

See Improved Hex editing in the Vim Tips Wiki.

Answer 9

You can open emacs (in terminal mode, using emacs -nw for instance), and then use Hexl mode: M-x hexl-mode.

https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Editing-Binary-Files.html

Answer 10

Hexyl formats nicely: sudo apt install hexyl

Answer 11

to convert a file to its binary codes(hexadecimal representation) we say:

xxd filename                                         #

e.g:

xxd hello.c                                          #

to see all the contents and codes in a binary file , we could use commands like readelf and objdump, hexdump ,... .

for example if we want to see all the convert all the contents of a binary file(executable, shared libraries, object files) we say:

hexdump binaryfilename

e.g.

hexdump /bin/bash

but readelf is the best utility for analyzing elf(executable and linking format) files. so if we say:

readelf -a /bin/bash

all the contents in the binary file bash would be shown to us, also we could provide different flags for readelf to see all the sections and headers of an elf file separately, for example if we want to see only the elf header we say:

readelf -h /bin/bash

for reading all the segments of the file:

readelf -l /bin/bash

for reading all the sections of the file:

readelf -S /bin/sh

but again as summary , for reading a normal file like "hello.c" and a binary file like bash in path /bin/bash in linux we say:

xxd hello.c

readelf -a /bin/bash

Answer 12

To get the output all in a single line in Hexadecimal:

xxd -p yourfile.bin | tr -d '\n'

Answer 13

You can use hexdump binary file

sudo apt-get install hexdump

hexdump -C yourfile.bin