In Cypher, how can I create a relationship if it doesn't exist; update property if it does

19
votes

In Cypher in Neo4J, given two nodes, if there's no relationship between them, I'd like to create a relationship (of type Foo) with a weight property of one. If this relationship already exists, I'd like to increment its weight property.

Is there a good way to do this in a single Cypher query? Thanks!

Edit: Some additional details: The nodes are already created, unique, and in an index.

3
neo4jgraph-databasescypher
Are you okay with using a SNAPSHOT version of neo4j? In neo4j 1.8 you can update the graph using Cypher, but not in any other versions. – Nicholas
So essentially you are looking to scan all nodes and if connected, increment, if not, create relationship? – Nicholas
Nicholas, thanks for response. I added some additional details; the nodes are unique and indexed, so I don't think I should have to scan all the nodes. But, other than that, your comment is correct: if connected, increment, if not, create relationship. – Newtang

3 Answers

45
votes

This is exactly why we added CREATE UNIQUE in 1.8.

START a=node(...), b=node(...)
CREATE UNIQUE a-[r:CONNECTED_TO]-b
SET r.weight = coalesce(r.weight?, 0) + 1

Read more about CREATE UNIQUE here, the question mark here, and coalesce here.

11
votes

To complete Andres answer, question mark at the end of a property is now an error with Neo4j 2. So request will be :

MATCH a, b
WHERE a(...) AND b(...)
CREATE UNIQUE a-[r:CONNECTED_TO]->b
SET r.weight = coalesce(r.weight, 0) + 1
4
votes

For future reference, CREATE UNIQUE has since been deprecated (see here). It looks like you can do something similar with MATCH and MERGE:

                MATCH (a:Person {name: 'Wonder Woman'})
                MERGE (b:Person {name: 'Aries'})
                MERGE (a)-[r:FOUGHT]->(b)
                ON CREATE SET r.weight = 1
                ON MATCH SET r.weight = r.weight + 1

So here, Wonder Woman fought Aries at least once, else it will increment the weight.