1135
votes

I use the following code segment to read a file in python:

with open ("data.txt", "r") as myfile:
    data=myfile.readlines()

Input file is:

LLKKKKKKKKMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNNNNNN
GGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEE

and when I print data I get

['LLKKKKKKKKMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNNNNNN\n', 'GGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEE']

As I see data is in list form. How do I make it string? And also how do I remove the "\n", "[", and "]" characters from it?

23
The title and the question are inconsistent. Do you really want to get rid of the \n as well?Julian
do you really want to remove newlines from the file/string contents, or are you just confused about the many meta-characters in your print output and actually want to keep the newlines, but not have them display as "\n"?mnagel
Do you really want to read the entire text into one string variable? Do you really mean with "strip newlines" to replace them with an empty string? This would mean, that the last word of a line and the first word of the next line are joined and not separated. I don't know your use case, but this seems to be a strange requirement. I might have another answer if you explain what you intend to do with the read in datagelonida

23 Answers

1589
votes

You could use:

with open('data.txt', 'r') as file:
    data = file.read().replace('\n', '')
101
votes

In Python 3.5 or later, using pathlib you can copy text file contents into a variable and close the file in one line:

from pathlib import Path
txt = Path('data.txt').read_text()

and then you can use str.replace to remove the newlines:

txt = txt.replace('\n', '')
96
votes

You can read from a file in one line:

str = open('very_Important.txt', 'r').read()

Please note that this does not close the file explicitly.

CPython will close the file when it exits as part of the garbage collection.

But other python implementations won't. To write portable code, it is better to use with or close the file explicitly. Short is not always better. See https://stackoverflow.com/a/7396043/362951

58
votes

To join all lines into a string and remove new lines, I normally use :

with open('t.txt') as f:
  s = " ".join([l.rstrip() for l in f]) 
32
votes
with open("data.txt") as myfile:
    data="".join(line.rstrip() for line in myfile)

join() will join a list of strings, and rstrip() with no arguments will trim whitespace, including newlines, from the end of strings.

17
votes

This can be done using the read() method :

text_as_string = open('Your_Text_File.txt', 'r').read()

Or as the default mode itself is 'r' (read) so simply use,

text_as_string = open('Your_Text_File.txt').read()
11
votes

I'm surprised nobody mentioned splitlines() yet.

with open ("data.txt", "r") as myfile:
    data = myfile.read().splitlines()

Variable data is now a list that looks like this when printed:

['LLKKKKKKKKMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNNNNNN', 'GGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEE']

Note there are no newlines (\n).

At that point, it sounds like you want to print back the lines to console, which you can achieve with a for loop:

for line in data:
    print(line)
10
votes

I have fiddled around with this for a while and have prefer to use use read in combination with rstrip. Without rstrip("\n"), Python adds a newline to the end of the string, which in most cases is not very useful.

with open("myfile.txt") as f:
    file_content = f.read().rstrip("\n")
    print(file_content)
8
votes

It's hard to tell exactly what you're after, but something like this should get you started:

with open ("data.txt", "r") as myfile:
    data = ' '.join([line.replace('\n', '') for line in myfile.readlines()])
4
votes

you can compress this into one into two lines of code!!!

content = open('filepath','r').read().replace('\n',' ')
print(content)

if your file reads:

hello how are you?
who are you?
blank blank

python output

hello how are you? who are you? blank blank
4
votes

You can also strip each line and concatenate into a final string.

myfile = open("data.txt","r")
data = ""
lines = myfile.readlines()
for line in lines:
    data = data + line.strip();

This would also work out just fine.

3
votes

This is a one line, copy-pasteable solution that also closes the file object:

_ = open('data.txt', 'r'); data = _.read(); _.close()
3
votes

python3: Google "list comprehension" if the square bracket syntax is new to you.

 with open('data.txt') as f:
     lines = [ line.strip('\n') for line in list(f) ]
2
votes

Have you tried this?

x = "yourfilename.txt"
y = open(x, 'r').read()

print(y)
2
votes

To remove line breaks using Python you can use replace function of a string.

This example removes all 3 types of line breaks:

my_string = open('lala.json').read()
print(my_string)

my_string = my_string.replace("\r","").replace("\n","")
print(my_string)

Example file is:

{
  "lala": "lulu",
  "foo": "bar"
}

You can try it using this replay scenario:

https://repl.it/repls/AnnualJointHardware

enter image description here

2
votes
f = open('data.txt','r')
string = ""
while 1:
    line = f.readline()
    if not line:break
    string += line

f.close()


print(string)
1
votes

I don't feel that anyone addressed the [ ] part of your question. When you read each line into your variable, because there were multiple lines before you replaced the \n with '' you ended up creating a list. If you have a variable of x and print it out just by

x

or print(x)

or str(x)

You will see the entire list with the brackets. If you call each element of the (array of sorts)

x[0] then it omits the brackets. If you use the str() function you will see just the data and not the '' either. str(x[0])

1
votes

Maybe you could try this? I use this in my programs.

Data= open ('data.txt', 'r')
data = Data.readlines()
for i in range(len(data)):
    data[i] = data[i].strip()+ ' '
data = ''.join(data).strip()
1
votes

Regular expression works too:

import re
with open("depression.txt") as f:
     l = re.split(' ', re.sub('\n',' ', f.read()))[:-1]

print (l)

['I', 'feel', 'empty', 'and', 'dead', 'inside']

0
votes

This works: Change your file to:

LLKKKKKKKKMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNNNNNN GGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEE

Then:

file = open("file.txt")
line = file.read()
words = line.split()

This creates a list named words that equals:

['LLKKKKKKKKMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNNNNNN', 'GGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEE']

That got rid of the "\n". To answer the part about the brackets getting in your way, just do this:

for word in words: # Assuming words is the list above
    print word # Prints each word in file on a different line

Or:

print words[0] + ",", words[1] # Note that the "+" symbol indicates no spaces
#The comma not in parentheses indicates a space

This returns:

LLKKKKKKKKMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNNNNNN, GGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEE
0
votes
with open(player_name, 'r') as myfile:
 data=myfile.readline()
 list=data.split(" ")
 word=list[0]

This code will help you to read the first line and then using the list and split option you can convert the first line word separated by space to be stored in a list.

Than you can easily access any word, or even store it in a string.

You can also do the same thing with using a for loop.

0
votes
file = open("myfile.txt", "r")
lines = file.readlines()
str = ''                                     #string declaration

for i in range(len(lines)):
    str += lines[i].rstrip('\n') + ' '

print str
-3
votes

Try the following:

with open('data.txt', 'r') as myfile:
    data = myfile.read()

    sentences = data.split('\\n')
    for sentence in sentences:
        print(sentence)

Caution: It does not remove the \n. It is just for viewing the text as if there were no \n