Apart from answering OP's queries, Let me throw some insights on Apache Solr from simple introduction to detailed installation and implementation.
Simple Introduction
Anyone who has had experience with the search engines above, or other
engines not in the list -- I would love to hear your opinions.
Solr shouldn't be used to solve real-time problems. For search engines, Solr is pretty much game and works flawlessly.
Solr works fine on High Traffic web-applications (I read somewhere that it is not suited for this, but I am backing up that statement). It utilizes the RAM, not the CPU.
- result relevance and ranking
The boost helps you rank your results show up on top. Say, you're trying to search for a name john in the fields firstname and lastname, and you want to give relevancy to the firstname field, then you need to boost up the firstname field as shown.
http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1/select?q=firstname:john^2&lastname:john
As you can see, firstname field is boosted up with a score of 2.
More on SolrRelevancy
- searching and indexing speed
The speed is unbelievably fast and no compromise on that. The reason I moved to Solr.
Regarding the indexing speed, Solr can also handle JOINS from your database tables. A higher and complex JOIN do affect the indexing speed. However, an enormous RAM config can easily tackle this situation.
The higher the RAM, The faster the indexing speed of Solr is.
- ease of use and ease of integration with Django
Never attempted to integrate Solr and Django, however you can achieve to do that with Haystack. I found some interesting article on the same and here's the github for it.
- resource requirements - site will be hosted on a VPS, so ideally the search engine wouldn't require a lot of RAM and CPU
Solr breeds on RAM, so if the RAM is high, you don't to have to worry about Solr.
Solr's RAM usage shoots up on full-indexing if you have some billion records, you could smartly make use of Delta imports to tackle this situation. As explained, Solr is only a near real-time solution.
Solr is highly scalable. Have a look on SolrCloud.
Some key features of it.
- Shards (or sharding is the concept of distributing the index among multiple machines, say if your index has grown too large)
- Load Balancing (if Solrj is used with Solr cloud it automatically takes care of load-balancing using it's Round-Robin mechanism)
- Distributed Search
- High Availability
- extra features such as "did you mean?", related searches, etc
For the above scenario, you could use the SpellCheckComponent that is packed up with Solr. There are a lot other features, The SnowballPorterFilterFactory helps to retrieve records say if you typed, books instead of book, you will be presented with results related to book.
This answer broadly focuses on Apache Solr & MySQL. Django is out of scope.
Assuming that you are under LINUX environment, you could proceed to this article further. (mine was an Ubuntu 14.04 version)
Detailed Installation
Getting Started
Download Apache Solr from here. That would be version is 4.8.1. You could download new versions, I found this stable.
After downloading the archive , extract it to a folder of your choice.
Say .. Downloads or whatever.. So it will look like Downloads/solr-4.8.1/
On your prompt.. Navigate inside the directory
shankar@shankar-lenovo: cd Downloads/solr-4.8.1
So now you are here ..
shankar@shankar-lenovo: ~/Downloads/solr-4.8.1$
Start the Jetty Application Server
Jetty is available inside the examples folder of the solr-4.8.1 directory , so navigate inside that and start the Jetty Application Server.
shankar@shankar-lenovo:~/Downloads/solr-4.8.1/example$ java -jar start.jar
Now , do not close the terminal , minimize it and let it stay aside.
( TIP : Use & after start.jar to make the Jetty Server run in the
background )
To check if Apache Solr runs successfully, visit this URL on the browser. http://localhost:8983/solr
Running Jetty on custom Port
It runs on the port 8983 as default. You could change the port either here or directly inside the jetty.xml file.
java -Djetty.port=9091 -jar start.jar
Download the JConnector
This JAR file acts as a bridge between MySQL and JDBC , Download the Platform Independent Version here
After downloading it, extract the folder and copy themysql-connector-java-5.1.31-bin.jar and paste it to the lib directory.
shankar@shankar-lenovo:~/Downloads/solr-4.8.1/contrib/dataimporthandler/lib
Creating the MySQL table to be linked to Apache Solr
To put Solr to use, You need to have some tables and data to search for. For that, we will use MySQL for creating a table and pushing some random names and then we could use Solr to connect to MySQL and index that table and it's entries.
1.Table Structure
CREATE TABLE test_solr_mysql
(
id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(45) NULL,
created TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
2.Populate the above table
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Jean');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Jack');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Jason');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Vego');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Grunt');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Jasper');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Fred');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Jenna');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Rebecca');
INSERT INTO `test_solr_mysql` (`name`) VALUES ('Roland');
Getting inside the core and adding the lib directives
1.Navigate to
shankar@shankar-lenovo: ~/Downloads/solr-4.8.1/example/solr/collection1/conf
2.Modifying the solrconfig.xml
Add these two directives to this file..
<lib dir="../../../contrib/dataimporthandler/lib/" regex=".*\.jar" />
<lib dir="../../../dist/" regex="solr-dataimporthandler-\d.*\.jar" />
Now add the DIH (Data Import Handler)
<requestHandler name="/dataimport"
class="org.apache.solr.handler.dataimport.DataImportHandler" >
<lst name="defaults">
<str name="config">db-data-config.xml</str>
</lst>
</requestHandler>
3.Create the db-data-config.xml file
If the file exists then ignore, add these lines to that file. As you can see the first line, you need to provide the credentials of your MySQL database. The Database name, username and password.
<dataConfig>
<dataSource type="JdbcDataSource" driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" url="jdbc:mysql://localhost/yourdbname" user="dbuser" password="dbpass"/>
<document>
<entity name="test_solr" query="select CONCAT('test_solr-',id) as rid,name from test_solr_mysql WHERE '${dataimporter.request.clean}' != 'false'
OR `created` > '${dataimporter.last_index_time}'" >
<field name="id" column="rid" />
<field name="solr_name" column="name" />
</entity>
</document>
</dataConfig>
( TIP : You can have any number of entities but watch out for id field,
if they are same then indexing will skipped. )
4.Modify the schema.xml file
Add this to your schema.xml as shown..
<uniqueKey>id</uniqueKey>
<field name="solr_name" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true" />
Implementation
Indexing
This is where the real deal is. You need to do the indexing of data from MySQL to Solr inorder to make use of Solr Queries.
Step 1: Go to Solr Admin Panel
Hit the URL http://localhost:8983/solr on your browser. The screen opens like this.
As the marker indicates, go to Logging inorder to check if any of the above configuration has led to errors.
Step 2: Check your Logs
Ok so now you are here, As you can there are a lot of yellow messages (WARNINGS). Make sure you don't have error messages marked in red. Earlier, on our configuration we had added a select query on our db-data-config.xml, say if there were any errors on that query, it would have shown up here.
Fine, no errors. We are good to go. Let's choose collection1 from the list as depicted and select Dataimport
Step 3: DIH (Data Import Handler)
Using the DIH, you will be connecting to MySQL from Solr through the configuration file db-data-config.xml from the Solr interface and retrieve the 10 records from the database which gets indexed onto Solr.
To do that, Choose full-import , and check the options Clean and Commit. Now click Execute as shown.
Alternatively, you could use a direct full-import query like this too..
http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1/dataimport?command=full-import&commit=true
After you clicked Execute, Solr begins to index the records, if there were any errors, it would say Indexing Failed and you have to go back to the Logging section to see what has gone wrong.
Assuming there are no errors with this configuration and if the indexing is successfully complete., you would get this notification.
Step 4: Running Solr Queries
Seems like everything went well, now you could use Solr Queries to query the data that was indexed. Click the Query on the left and then press Execute button on the bottom.
You will see the indexed records as shown.
The corresponding Solr query for listing all the records is
http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1/select?q=*:*&wt=json&indent=true
Well, there goes all 10 indexed records. Say, we need only names starting with Ja , in this case, you need to target the column name solr_name, Hence your query goes like this.
http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1/select?q=solr_name:Ja*&wt=json&indent=true
That's how you write Solr Queries. To read more about it, Check this beautiful article.
Tsearchdoes not support phrase search. However, it's on the TODO list sai.msu.su/~megera/wiki/FTS_Todo. – Gnanam