If you're using REST API, when you list the blobs with deleted as one of the values for include parameter (so that the listing results contain soft deleted blobs), you can find this information by inspecting two properties in the result:
Deleted-Time: It will tell you the date/time when the blob was deleted.
RemainingRetentionDays: It will tell you the number of days remaining after which the blob will be permanently deleted from storage.
From this link:
For version 2017-07-29 and above, Deleted, DeletedTime and
RemainingRetentionDays appear when this operation includes the
include={deleted} parameter. These elements do not appear if this blob
was not deleted. These elements appear for blob or snapshot that are
deleted with DELETE operation when soft delete feature was enabled.
Deleted element is set to true for blobs and snapshots that are soft
deleted. Deleted-Time corresponds to time when the blob was deleted.
RemainingRetentionDays indicates number of days after which soft
deleted blob will be permanently deleted by blob service.
If you're using Azure.Storage.Blobs (.Net SDK), you will find this information in the following properties: BlobItemProperties.DeletedOn and BlobItemProperties.RemainingRetentionDays.
For other languages, you can search for similar properties in the respective SDKs.
UPDATE
Please try the following:
$context = New-AzStorageContext -StorageAccountName account-name -StorageAccountKey account-key
$blobs = Get-AzStorageBlob -Container 001-000 -IncludeDeleted -Context $context
$blobs.ICloudBlob.Properties | ConvertTo-Json
Output will be something like the following. The first blob below is not deleted thus DeletedTime and RemainingDaysBeforePermanentDelete will be null. The second blob is soft-deleted and it will have these values populated.
{
"CacheControl": null,
"ContentDisposition": null,
"ContentEncoding": null,
"ContentLanguage": null,
"Length": 89,
"ContentMD5": "nax+W2kkfQqP8+K6dj2uFw==",
"ContentType": "image/svg+xml",
"ETag": "\"0x8D951D0C90A29CA\"",
"Created": "\/Date(1627481141000)\/",
"LastModified": "\/Date(1627481141000)\/",
"BlobType": 2,
"LeaseStatus": 2,
"LeaseState": 1,
"LeaseDuration": 0,
"PageBlobSequenceNumber": null,
"AppendBlobCommittedBlockCount": null,
"IsServerEncrypted": true,
"IsIncrementalCopy": false,
"StandardBlobTier": null,
"RehydrationStatus": null,
"PremiumPageBlobTier": null,
"BlobTierInferred": null,
"BlobTierLastModifiedTime": null,
"DeletedTime": null,
"RemainingDaysBeforePermanentDelete": null
},
{
"CacheControl": null,
"ContentDisposition": null,
"ContentEncoding": null,
"ContentLanguage": null,
"Length": 98024,
"ContentMD5": "/uZucSqKCO71gFpGiSkyrQ==",
"ContentType": "application/font-woff",
"ETag": "\"0x8D951D0C90AC631\"",
"Created": "\/Date(1627481141000)\/",
"LastModified": "\/Date(1627481141000)\/",
"BlobType": 2,
"LeaseStatus": 0,
"LeaseState": 0,
"LeaseDuration": 0,
"PageBlobSequenceNumber": null,
"AppendBlobCommittedBlockCount": null,
"IsServerEncrypted": true,
"IsIncrementalCopy": false,
"StandardBlobTier": null,
"RehydrationStatus": null,
"PremiumPageBlobTier": null,
"BlobTierInferred": null,
"BlobTierLastModifiedTime": null,
"DeletedTime": "\/Date(1627481162000)\/",
"RemainingDaysBeforePermanentDelete": 9
}