Arduino does not connect to Mosquitto On both windows and ubuntu

1
votes

I'm trying to connect an ESP8266 to my laptop to a mosquitto broker. I have tried both windows and ubuntu but none worked!.

This is the windows part:

The mosquitto broker is online:

C:\Program Files\Mosquitto>mosquitto -v
1625556778: mosquitto version 2.0.11 starting
1625556778: Using default config.
1625556778: Starting in local only mode. Connections will only be possible from clients running on this machine.
1625556778: Create a configuration file which defines a listener to allow remote access.
1625556778: For more details see https://mosquitto.org/documentation/authentication-methods/
1625556778: Opening ipv4 listen socket on port 1883.
1625556778: Opening ipv6 listen socket on port 1883.
1625556778: mosquitto version 2.0.11 running

This is the arduino code:

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

// Update these with values suitable for your network.

const char* ssid = "Laurium";
const char* password = "pass";
//const char* mqtt_server = "192.168.1.35"; I tried this as well
IPAddress mqtt_server = (192, 168, 1, 35);

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
long lastMsg = 0;
char msg[50];
int value = 0;

void setup_wifi() {

  delay(10);
  // We start by connecting to a WiFi network
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  randomSeed(micros());

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  Serial.print("Message arrived [");
  Serial.print(topic);
  Serial.print("] ");
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
  }
  Serial.println();

  // Switch on the LED if an 1 was received as first character
  if ((char)payload[0] == '1') {
   digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED, LOW);   // Turn the LED on (Note that LOW is the voltage level
    // but actually the LED is on; this is because
    // it is active low on the ESP-01)
  } else {
   digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED, HIGH);  // Turn the LED off by making the voltage HIGH
 }

}

void reconnect() {
  // Loop until we're reconnected
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    // Create a random client ID
    String clientId = "ESP8266Client-";
    clientId += String(random(0xffff), HEX);
    // Attempt to connect
    if (client.connect(clientId.c_str())) {
      Serial.println("connected");
      // Once connected, publish an announcement...
      client.publish("outTopic", "hello world");
      // ... and resubscribe
      client.subscribe("inTopic");
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      // Wait 5 seconds before retrying
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

void setup() {
  pinMode(BUILTIN_LED, OUTPUT);     // Initialize the BUILTIN_LED pin as an output
  Serial.begin(9600);
  setup_wifi();
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, 1883);
  client.setCallback(callback);
}

void loop() {

  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();

  long now = millis();
  if (now - lastMsg > 2000) {
    lastMsg = now;
    ++value;
    snprintf (msg, 50, "hello world #%ld", value);
    Serial.print("Publish message: ");
    Serial.println(msg);
    client.publish("outTopic", msg);
  }
}

This the output on the terminal:

WiFi connected
IP address: 
192.168.137.90
Attempting MQTT connection...failed, rc=-2 try again in 5 seconds
Attempting MQTT connection...failed, rc=-2 try again in 5 seconds
Attempting MQTT connection...failed, rc=-2 try again in 5 seconds
Attempting MQTT connection...failed, rc=-2 try again in 5 seconds

My laptop local IP: 192.168.1.35

So it successfully connects to the WIFI but cannot find the broker. I also followed This thread but didn't work. I even added 1883 port as an inbound port in the windows firewall with a new TCP rule. I also entirely disabled the firewall or switched to an older version of mosquitto where remote clients were allowed by default All to no avail.

The ubuntu part: Here I modified the code slightly. I also added the ping command so I could check if my esp8266 can ping the google? And can it ping the destination mosquitto server IP or not? I installed mosquito on my ubuntu vmware and passed the vmware IP obtained by IP config command in my host machine, the windows. I also tested my mosquitto on ubuntu and it worked fine with test publisher-subscriber on ubuntu. On ubuntu unlike windows, pining the mosquitto IP was successful but the mosquitto terminal did not show anything.

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <ESP8266Ping.h>
// Update these with values suitable for your network.

const char* ssid = "Laurium";
const char* password = "pass";
//const char* mqtt_server = "192.168.186.1";

IPAddress mqtt_server = (192, 168, 186, 1);
//IPAddress mqtt_server = (192, 168, 15, 1);


WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
long lastMsg = 0;
char msg[50];
int value = 0;

void setup_wifi() {

  delay(10);
  // We start by connecting to a WiFi network
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  randomSeed(micros());

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  Serial.print("Message arrived [");
  Serial.print(topic);
  Serial.print("] ");
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
  }
  Serial.println();

  // Switch on the LED if an 1 was received as first character
  if ((char)payload[0] == '1') {
   digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED, LOW);   // Turn the LED on (Note that LOW is the voltage level
    // but actually the LED is on; this is because
    // it is active low on the ESP-01)
  } else {
   digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED, HIGH);  // Turn the LED off by making the voltage HIGH
 }

}

void reconnect() {
  // Loop until we're reconnected
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    // Create a random client ID
    String clientId = "ESP8266Client-";
    clientId += String(random(0xffff), HEX);
    // Attempt to connect
    if (client.connect(clientId.c_str())) {
      Serial.println("connected");
      // Once connected, publish an announcement...
      client.publish("outTopic", "hello world");
      // ... and resubscribe
      client.subscribe("inTopic");
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      bool ret = Ping.ping(mqtt_server);
      Serial.println(ret);
      Serial.println(Ping.ping("www.google.com"));
      // Wait 5 seconds before retrying
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

void setup() {
  pinMode(BUILTIN_LED, OUTPUT);     // Initialize the BUILTIN_LED pin as an output
  Serial.begin(9600);
  setup_wifi();
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, 1883);
  client.setCallback(callback);
}

void loop() {

  //IPAddress ip (192, 168, 0, 1); // The remote ip to ping


  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();

  long now = millis();
  if (now - lastMsg > 2000) {
    lastMsg = now;
    ++value;
    snprintf (msg, 50, "hello world #%ld", value);
    Serial.print("Publish message: ");
    Serial.println(msg);
    client.publish("outTopic", msg);
  }
}

This time, the output was this:

WiFi connected
IP address: 
192.168.137.109
Attempting MQTT connection...failed, rc=-2 try again in 5 seconds
1
1

Unlike windows, pinging the IP where the mosquitto server resides is successful, but still not establishing any connection.

If I could work with any of the windows or ubuntu mosquitto servers it is fine.

Thanks.

2
arduinoesp8266mosquitto
Have you verified by other means that your Broker is responding and allowing connections? – Nino
@Nino No. What should I do to make sure? – m0ss
lormenyoh.medium.com/… I followed this – m0ss
DO NOT post images of code, data, error messages, etc. - copy or type the text into the question. How to Ask – Rob
Search SO for "How to test the Mosquitto server". – Nino

2 Answers

2
votes

From the output on startup:

1625556778: Starting in local only mode. Connections will only be possible from clients running on this machine. 
1625556778: Create a configuration file which defines a listener to allow remote access. 
1625556778: For more details see https://mosquitto.org/documentation/authentication-methods/

The important part is Starting in local only mode

From version 2.0 onward mosquitto needs to be explicitly configured to accept connections from anything other than localhost and needs to be set to accept connections that do not pass a username and password.

You can add the following to the mosquitto.conf

allow_anonymous true
listener 1883 0.0.0.0
0
votes

I successfully ran mosquitto on Ubuntu vmware. First of all I put my VM network on bridging and connected my laptop and my node to a same wifi so they both reside on a same network and can communicate. Second I added these two lines to the mosquitto.conf file:

listener 1883 0.0.0.0
allow_anonymous true

and saved the file. The conf file resides in /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf Then I manually shut down the mosquitto with sudo service mosquitto stop and restart it with sudo service mosquitto start. you can use the netstat -tulpn in another terminal to ensure that you have a tcp listener on 127.0.0.1:1883. This worked fine for me. Meanwhile I still can not do the same on windows.