According to the help for Get-AzRouteTable it doesn't require any value to be specified for ResourceGroupName so we should just be able to loop through your available contexts. If you did have a large Azure Network infrastructure and they were logically organised by Resource Group, you may want to consider looping through Resource Groups too.
That being said, you can do something like this. It will create a csv for each subscription in your current session. Change the . at the beginning of the path value to set a full path if you would like.
$Contexts = Get-AzContext -ListAvailable
foreach ($Context in $Contexts) {
[void](Set-AzContext -SubscriptionId $Context.Subscription.Id)
$RouteConfig = Get-AzRouteTable -Name "prod" | Get-AzRouteConfig
# If you are using PowerShell 5.1, add '-NoTypeInformation' to the end of this command.
$RouteConfig | Export-Csv -Path ".\$($Context.Subscription.Name)_Routes.csv" -Encoding utf8 -NoClobber
}