MySQL create table: error 1005 errno: 150 “Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed”

Question

why laravel schema reply:

SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table employee_management.employees (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed") (SQL: alter table employees add constraint employees_city_id_foreign foreign key (city_id) references city (id))

PDOException::("SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table employee_management.employees (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")")

My Table:

  Schema::create('employees', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id', true);
            $table->string('lastname', 60);
            $table->string('firstname', 60);
            $table->string('middlename', 60);
            $table->string('address', 120);
            $table->integer('city_id')->unsigned();
            $table->integer('state_id')->unsigned();
            $table->integer('country_id')->unsigned();;
            $table->foreign('city_id')->references('id')->on('city');
            $table->foreign('state_id')->references('id')->on('state');
            $table->foreign('country_id')->references('id')->on('country');
            $table->char('zip', 10);
            $table->integer('age')->unsigned();
            $table->date('birthdate');
            $table->date('date_hired');
            $table->integer('department_id')->unsigned();
            $table->integer('division_id')->unsigned();
            // $table->integer('company_id')->unsigned();
            $table->foreign('department_id')->references('id')->on('department');
            $table->foreign('division_id')->references('id')->on('division');
            // $table->foreign('company_id')->references('id')->on('company');
            $table->string('picture', 60);
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->softDeletes();
        });

My second table for city:

Schema::create('city', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id', true);
            $table->integer('state_id')->unsigned();
            $table->foreign('state_id')->references('id')->on('state');
            $table->string('name', 60);
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->softDeletes();
        });

P.S. My Laravel version is 8.12

Answer 1

The reason is you are trying to migrate employee table before creating city table and this matters because your employee table depends on the city table by foreign key.

To solve that first try to migrate city table.