If you "just" want the Run menu along with the default entries, just include a dependency to org.eclipse.debug.ui.
You will then need to add launch configuration types for your specific language using the various extension point from the plugins org.eclipse.debug.core and org.eclipse.debug.ui.
As always, when it comes to the more advanced functionality of Eclipse, the easiest way to get access to the functionality is via resources and examples. Although it is a bit dated, the article "We Have Lift-off" (http://www.eclipse.org/articles/Article-Launch-Framework/launch.html) is the best starting point for this. Have a look at the various references to org.eclipse.debug.core.launchConfigurationTypes to find the best example to use asa starting point - in particular the ANT Build stuff as this is pretty simple...
In general you can find the plug-in that contributes a specific entry using the PDE Menu Spy (Alt-Shift-F2 on MacOS)...