Assuming your Calendar table look like this:
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| Date | WeekDay | WeekNumber |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 16/08/2020 00:00:00 | False | 33 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 17/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 34 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 18/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 34 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 19/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 34 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 20/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 34 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 21/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 34 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 22/08/2020 00:00:00 | False | 34 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 23/08/2020 00:00:00 | False | 34 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 24/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 35 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 25/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 35 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 26/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 35 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
| 27/08/2020 00:00:00 | True | 35 |
+---------------------+---------+------------+
The table was created used the min Date from the Sample Data (table you shared).
The code of the table is below, basically shows two columns, one with the date and another with a boolean showing true for weekday and false for the weekend.
Also, assumes a relationship between calendar and the sampledata table, by the column date.
Calendar =
ADDCOLUMNS (
CALENDAR ( MIN ( SampleData[Date] ), TODAY () ),
"WeekDay", WEEKDAY ( [Date], 2 ) < 6,
"WeekNumber", WEEKNUM ( [Date], 2 )
)
The measure calculates the difference between the two tables, only considering weekdays for the calendar table.
Missing Weekday =
VAR lastweek =
WEEKNUM(TODAY()-WEEKDAY(TODAY(),2),2)
VAR AllDates =
SUMMARIZE (
FILTER (
'Calendar',
'Calendar'[WeekDay] = TRUE
&& 'Calendar'[WeekNumber] = lastweek
),
'Calendar'[Date]
)
VAR EmployeesDates =
VALUES ( SampleData[Date] )
VAR ndays =
COUNTROWS ( EXCEPT ( AllDates, EmployeesDates ) )
RETURN
IF ( ISBLANK ( ndays ), 0, ndays )
The output
Edit:
I have changed the SampleData to consider more "edge" cases to test the measure.
+-------+------------+
| Name | Date |
+-------+------------+
| Tim | 16/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Tim | 17/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Tim | 19/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Tim | 25/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Sarah | 18/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Sarah | 19/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Sarah | 20/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Sarah | 21/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Eric | 17/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Eric | 18/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Eric | 19/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Eric | 20/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+
| Eric | 21/08/2020 |
+-------+------------+