There is no API to either update/retrain a classifier, nor to retrieve the training data of an existing classifier.
The corpora that the service generates do not have an update or reinforced learning option. Hence the need to generate a new corpus if there is a change in the training data.
Which also means that when the corpus is created there is no need for the service to keep the training data.
Summary of the discussion in comments:
If you want to get the effect of re-training a classifier, there are 2 approaches:
- Use Watson studio to create your classifier / train classifier, after the initial train you will see an option to retrain the classifier
- If you want to do it programmatically using the SDK, you can create and train the classifier as you would normally, and then delete the existing classifier and creating a new classifier with the new data set .
P.S: Under the hood Watson studio also deletes and creates a new classifier when you attempt to re-train