java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/commons/PreconditionViolationException when trying run junit5 test with maven

Question

When trying to run tests using command mvn test I receive an error:

[ERROR] There was an error in the forked process
[ERROR] java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/commons/PreconditionViolationException
[ERROR] org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooterForkException: There was an error in the forked process
[ERROR] java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/commons/PreconditionViolationException
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.fork(ForkStarter.java:656)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.run(ForkStarter.java:282)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.booterclient.ForkStarter.run(ForkStarter.java:245)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.executeProvider(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:1183)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.executeAfterPreconditionsChecked(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:1011)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.execute(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:857)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:137)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:210)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:156)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:148)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:117)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:81)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:56)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:128)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:305)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:192)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:105)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:956)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:288)
[ERROR]         at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:192)
[ERROR]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
[ERROR]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
[ERROR]         at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
[ERROR]         at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
[ERROR]         at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:282)
[ERROR]         at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:225)
[ERROR]         at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:406)
[ERROR]         at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:347)

I run it under IntelliJ 2008.1, using maven 3.6.1 and surefire plugin in version 2.22.1

I have following dependencies in pom:

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
    <version>5.5.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
    <version>5.5.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-params -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
    <version>5.5.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-platform-launcher</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

...

<plugins>
    <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    </plugin>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
    </plugin>
</plugins>

Recently I wasn't able to run any test cases but now after some configuration tries I receive this error.

Answer 1

Remove junit-platform-launcher, junit-jupiter-engine and junit-jupiter-api.

Add junit-jupiter. (junit-jupiter is aggregator)

Sources:

• https://github.com/junit-team/junit5/issues/1773
• It worked for me.

Answer 2

adding following dependency helped in my case

 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-platform-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2</version>
 </dependency>

Answer 3

As others suggested, using JUnit 5.5.2 version is the way to go here. There are different alternatives to achieve this:

1. If you're using spring-boot-starter-parent, you can upgrade it to 2.2.0.RELEASE
2. If you use spring-boot-starter-parent (or spring-boot-dependencies), you can define a property to update just JUnit: <junit-jupiter.version>5.5.2</junit-jupiter.version>
3. If you're having this issue just in Eclipse, you can update it and add the JUnit 5 library to the Java Build Path (Project > Java Build Path > Libraries > Add Library > JUnit > JUnit 5 > Finish)
4. You can add the Junit BOM, using 5.5.2 version (see Prasanth Rajendran or Ramit answer)

Answer 4

I got the same problem with Gradle build and I got my issue resolved using the JUnit Bill of Materials(BOM), which will take care of Junit's direct and transitive dependencies version.

dependencyManagement {
    imports {
        mavenBom "org.junit:junit-bom:5.5.2"
    }
}
dependencies {
...
    testCompile('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api')
    testRuntime('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine')
    testCompile('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params')
    testCompile('org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher')
    testCompile('org.junit.platform:junit-platform-runner')
}

NOTE: I have not specified the version because the Junit BOM will take care of the Junit dependencies' version management role.

Answer 5

The following worked for me using surefire.plugin.version 2.22.2

junit-jupiter artifact brings in all other necessary artifacts.

<dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit-bom</artifactId>
      <version>5.5.2</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <!--Optional: Supports running Junit4 along with Junit5 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

Answer 6

You can get the error like "java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/commons/util/Preconditions" in case of tring to included some test class (from junit/assertj) in your production code.

Above is a consequence of

• puttinh test library as a dependency NOT in scope test (so making it available at runtime)
• possibly following on above error you importing such test utility class in your production code - src/main/java (for example you used import like import org.assertj.core.util.Lists in your production code from src/main/java.
• the possibility is also that such test library was added as part of java9 module-info (like requires org.assertj.core)

NOTE: This offending dependency could be inside your module or any module included in dependencies.

For example your module has following dependency:

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.acme</groupId>
        <artifactId>your-another-module</artifactId>
    </dependency>

and your another module includes spring-boot-starter-test in scope compile like:

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>compile</scope> <!-- **or even scope is omitted and by default it is compile !** -->
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

As mentioned inside above code snippet, the scope might have even been omitted which would default to "compile".

Now following on that error you might have a production class YourClass residing in your module and accidentally import some test code from test libraries like:

// here we have accidential import of Lists from assertj
import org.assertj.core.util.Lists;
class YourClass {

}

The solution is to:

• fix the dependencies to make them in scope test and use correct imports in your production code
• clean up module-info.java from any test libraries which are not needed in your production code

Answer 7

I have commented the below part in pom.xml:

  <dependency>
      <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.2</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.2</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

And I have added junit5 in java build path(project(right click->java build path->libraries->junit->junit5) It worked for me. Mine is spring-boot project.

Answer 8

In my case the problem disappeared after deleting my local maven repository. Don't know what library caused this strange behaviour, but now everything is working fine!

Answer 9

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/commons/PreconditionViolationException when trying run junit5 test with maven

This error can be come due to the version mismatch of junit-plateform-engine junit-jupiter-params and junit-platform-runner and also other respective dependencies.

So for the resolution of this issue you do not need to define version like 1.5.3 ...etc

you can define version as follows :

<dependencies>
<!--need to add for parameterized test -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
        **<version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>**
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
        **<version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>**
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
        **<version>${junit.platform.version}</version>**
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

So through this compatible version jar will be added in your project and project will run successfully

Answer 10

In case it helps anyone: I was getting similar error along with "No tests found with test runner JUnit 5" when running JUnit 5 tests in Eclipse (gradle-based). Upgrading to JUnit 5.6.0 helped as per https://github.com/eclipse/buildship/issues/980

Answer 11

Few days ago I faced the similar issue. I tried all solutions suggested here, but none of them worked. In my case the error occurred because classpath ended up having two different versions of JUnit. I had spring-boot-test dependency wich uses JUnit 5.3.2. But then, I added JUnit 5.7.1. Therefore, my project was compiled with a newer version of JUnit (5.7.1) but found an older version (5.3.2) at runtime. As a result, the JUnit launcher tried to use a class that is not available in the older version of JUnit.In my case solution was to override the JUnit version managed by Spring like this:

<properties>
    <junit-jupiter.version>5.7.1</junit-jupiter.version>
</properties>

Hope somebody find this helpful.