java - Spark Error - Unsupported class file major version

Question

I'm trying to install Spark on my Mac. I've used home-brew to install spark 2.4.0 and Scala. I've installed PySpark in my anaconda environment and am using PyCharm for development. I've exported to my bash profile:

export SPARK_VERSION=`ls /usr/local/Cellar/apache-spark/ | sort | tail -1`
export SPARK_HOME="/usr/local/Cellar/apache-spark/$SPARK_VERSION/libexec"
export PYTHONPATH=$SPARK_HOME/python/:$PYTHONPATH
export PYTHONPATH=$SPARK_HOME/python/lib/py4j-0.9-src.zip:$PYTHONPATH

However I'm unable to get it to work.

I suspect this is due to java version from reading the traceback. I would really appreciate some help fixed the issue. Please comment if there is any information I could provide that is helpful beyond the traceback.

I am getting the following error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 4, in <module>
  File "/anaconda3/envs/coda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyspark/rdd.py", line 816, in collect
    sock_info = self.ctx._jvm.PythonRDD.collectAndServe(self._jrdd.rdd())
  File "/anaconda3/envs/coda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/py4j/java_gateway.py", line 1257, in __call__
    answer, self.gateway_client, self.target_id, self.name)
  File "/anaconda3/envs/coda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/py4j/protocol.py", line 328, in get_return_value
    format(target_id, ".", name), value)
py4j.protocol.Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling z:org.apache.spark.api.python.PythonRDD.collectAndServe.
: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 55

Answer 1

Edit Spark 3.0 supports Java 11, so you'll need to upgrade

Spark runs on Java 8/11, Scala 2.12, Python 2.7+/3.4+ and R 3.1+. Java 8 prior to version 8u92 support is deprecated as of Spark 3.0.0

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Original answer

Until Spark supports Java 11, or higher (which would be hopefully be mentioned at the latest documentation when it is), you have to add in a flag to set your Java version to Java 8.

As of Spark 2.4.x

Spark runs on Java 8, Python 2.7+/3.4+ and R 3.1+. For the Scala API, Spark 2.4.4 uses Scala 2.12. You will need to use a compatible Scala version (2.12.x)

On Mac/Unix, see asdf-java for installing different Javas

On a Mac, I am able to do this in my .bashrc,

export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.8)

On Windows, checkout Chocolately, but seriously just use WSL2 or Docker to run Spark.

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You can also set this in spark-env.sh rather than set the variable for your whole profile.

And, of course, this all means you'll need to install Java 8 in addition to your existing Java 11

Answer 2

I ran into this issue when running Jupyter Notebook and Spark using Java 11. I installed and configured for Java 8 using the following steps.

Install Java 8:

$ sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk

Since I had already installed Java 11, I then set my default Java to version 8 using:

$ sudo update-alternatives --config java

Select Java 8 and then confirm your changes:

$ java -version

Output should be similar to:

openjdk version "1.8.0_191"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-8u191-b12-2ubuntu0.18.04.1-b12)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)

I'm now able to run Spark successfully in Jupyter Notebook. The steps above were based on the following guide: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-java-with-apt-on-ubuntu-18-04

Answer 3

I found that adding the spark location through findspark and java8 with os at the beginning of the script the easiest solution:

import findspark
import os
spark_location='/opt/spark-2.4.3/' # Set your own
java8_location= '/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64' # Set your own
os.environ['JAVA_HOME'] = java8_location
findspark.init(spark_home=spark_location) 

Answer 4

The problem hear is that PySpark requirs Java 8 for some functions. Spark 2.2.1 was having problems with Java 9 and beyond. The recommended solution was to install Java 8.

you can install java-8 specifically, and set it as your default java and try again.

to install java 8,

sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk

to change the default java version, follow this. you can use command

 update-java-alternatives --list

for listing all java versions available.

set a default one by running the command:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

to select java version you want. provide the accurate number in the provided list. then cheak your java version java -version and it should be updated. Set the JAVA_HOME variable also.

to set JAVA_HOME, You must find the specific Java version and folder. Fallow this SO discussion for get a full idea of setting the java home variable. since we are going to use java 8, our folder path is /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/ . just go to /usr/lib/jvm folder and creak what are the avilable folders. use ls -l to see folders and their softlinks, since these folders can be a shortcut for some java versions. then go to your home directory cd ~ and edit the bashrc file

cd ~
gedit .bashrc

then Add bellow lines to the file, save and exit.

## SETTING JAVA HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

after that, to make effect of what you did, type source ~/.bashrc and run in terminal

Answer 5

On windows (Windows 10) you can solve the issue by installing jdk-8u201-windows-x64.exe and resetting the system environment variable to the correct version of the JAVA JDK:

JAVA_HOME -> C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_201.

Don't forget to restart the terminal otherwise the resetting of the environment variable does not kick in.

Answer 6

For Debian 10 'buster' users, Java 8 JRE is available in the nvidia-openjdk-8-jre package.

Install it with

sudo apt install nvidia-openjdk-8-jre

Then set JAVA_HOME when running pyspark, e.g.:

JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/nvidia-java-8-openjdk-amd64/ pyspark

Answer 7

Just wanted to add my two cents here as it will save several hours of time for people who are using PyCharm (especially the run configuration). After changing your .bashrc or .bash_profile to point to Java 8 by modifying JAVA_HOME and PATH env variables (like most people here have recommended), you'll notice that when you run your Spark using the run configuration of PyCharm, it will still not pick up the right Java. Looks like there is some issue with PyCharm (I'm using PyCharm Professional 2020.2 in Mac Catalina). Additionally, when you run it using the terminal of PyCharm, it works fine. That confirms something is wrong with PyCharm. In order for the run configuration of PyCharm to pick up new JAVA, I had to specifically add JAVA_HOME environment variable in the run configuration as shown below-

and it worked!

Another option that also works is checking the Include system environment variables option in the Environment Variables window in the run configuration (see screenshot above) and restarting PyCharm

Answer 8

I have the same issue in windows, and I have added JAVA_HOME to the environmental variable path:

JAVA_HOME: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-11.0.1

Answer 9

Hi actually to be sure that you are putting the right SPARK_HOME PATH you can use this python script to locate it : https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/master/python/pyspark/find_spark_home.py

python3 find_spark_home.py 

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark

On my Mac, on the terminal :

vim ~/.bashrc

and add the path :

export JAVA_HOME=/Library/java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-8.jdk/contents/Home/

export SPARK_HOME=/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark

export PYSPARK_PYTHON=/usr/local/bin/python3

and then finally to apply the change

source ~/.bashrc

Answer 10

This issue occures due to Java version you set on JAVA_HOME environment variable.

OLD JAVA path :/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64

Solution : Set JAVA_HOME to /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64

It will work!!!

Note my Error was:

File "/home/tms/myInstallDir/spark-2.4.5-bin-hadoop2.7/python/pyspark/rdd.py", line 816, in collect sock_info = self.ctx._jvm.PythonRDD.collectAndServe(self._jrdd.rdd()) File "/home/tms/myInstallDir/spark-2.4.5-bin-hadoop2.7/python/lib/py4j-0.10.7-src.zip/py4j/java_gateway.py", line 1257, in call File "/home/tms/myInstallDir/spark-2.4.5-bin-hadoop2.7/python/pyspark/sql/utils.py", line 79, in deco raise IllegalArgumentException(s.split(': ', 1)[1], stackTrace) pyspark.sql.utils.IllegalArgumentException: u'Unsupported class file major version 55'

Answer 11

On macOS: install Java8 on your laptop using the following commands:

brew tap AdoptOpenJDK/openjdk
brew cask install adoptopenjdk8