From Android 9 Pie now, requests without encryption will never work. And by default, the System will expect you to use TLS by default.You can read this feature here So if you only make requests via HTTPS you are safe. But what about apps that make requests through different sites, for instance, browser-like apps.
How can I enable requests to all types of connections HTTP and HTTPS in Android 9 Pie?
The easy way to implement this is to use this attribute to your AndroidManifest.xml where you allow all http for all requests:
<application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
</application>
But in case you want some more configurations for different links for instance, allowing http for some domains but not other domains you must provide res/xml/networkSecurityConfig.xml file.
To do this in Android 9 Pie you will have to set a networkSecurityConfig in your Manifest application tag like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest ... >
<application android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config">
</application>
</manifest>
Then in your xml folder you now have to create a file named network_security_config just like the way you have named it in the Manifest and from there the content of your file should be like this to enable all requests without encryptions:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
<base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<trust-anchors>
<certificates src="system" />
</trust-anchors>
</base-config>
</network-security-config>
From there you are good to go. Now your app will make requests for all types of connections. For additional information on this topic read here.
The FULLY WORKING SOLUTION for both Android or React-native users facing this issue just add this
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
in AndroidManifest.xml file like this:
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning">
<uses-library
android:name="org.apache.http.legacy"
android:required="false" />
in between <application>.. </application> tag like this:
<application
android:name=".MainApplication"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:allowBackup="false"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning">
<uses-library
android:name="org.apache.http.legacy"
android:required="false" />
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"/>
</application>
A simple way is set android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" on you AndroidManifest.xml
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
Your AndroidManifest.xml look like
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest package="com.dww.drmanar">
<application
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
tools:targetApi="m">
<activity
android:name=".activity.SplashActivity"
android:theme="@style/FullscreenTheme">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
I hope this will help you.
Easy Way
Add usesCleartextTraffic to AndroidManifest.xml
<application
...
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
...>
Indicates whether the app intends to use cleartext network traffic, such as cleartext HTTP. The default value for apps that target API level 27 or lower is "true". Apps that target API level 28 or higher default to "false".
For React Native applications while running in debug add the xml block mentioned by @Xenolion to react_native_config.xml located in <project>/android/app/src/debug/res/xml
Similar to the following snippet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
<domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<domain includeSubdomains="false">localhost</domain>
<domain includeSubdomains="false">10.0.2.2</domain>
<domain includeSubdomains="false">10.0.3.2</domain>
</domain-config>
<base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<trust-anchors>
<certificates src="system" />
</trust-anchors>
</base-config>
</network-security-config>
i got the same problem and i notice that my security config has diferent TAGS like the @Xenolion answer says
<network-security-config>
<domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
</domain-config>
</network-security-config>
so i change the TAGS "domain-config" for "base-config" and works, like this:
<network-security-config>
<base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
</base-config>
</network-security-config>
You may check if you are sending clearText through HTTP
Fix : https://medium.com/@son.rommer/fix-cleartext-traffic-error-in-android-9-pie-2f4e9e2235e6
OR
In the Case of Apache HTTP client deprecation (From Google ) :
With Android 6.0, we removed support for the Apache HTTP client. Beginning with Android 9, that library is removed from the bootclasspath and is not available to apps by default.
To continue using the Apache HTTP client, apps that target Android 9 and above can add the following to their AndroidManifest.xml:
Source https://developer.android.com/about/versions/pie/android-9.0-changes-28
This worked for me,
add this xml file to: andriod/app/src/main/res/xml/network_security_config.xml
network_security_config.xml
xml/network_security_config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
<base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<trust-anchors>
<certificates src="system" />
</trust-anchors>
</base-config>
<domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<domain includeSubdomains="true">your_domain1</domain>
</domain-config>
<domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<domain includeSubdomains="true">your_domain2</domain>
</domain-config>
</network-security-config>
then add this code to AndroidMenifest.xml
<application
...
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
...
>
<!-- for http support-->
<uses-library android:name="org.apache.http.legacy" android:required="false"/>
...
</application>
