This is not supported out of the box as far as I am aware. However, you can use the series visual property to draw the segments with text on top.
Find the angle half way between start and end, and find the radius half way between inner and outer. Then use trigonometry to get from polar (angle and radius) to Cartesian (x and y) coordinates. You can tweak this to get the text placement you want.
e.createVisual() gets the segment
visual: function (e) {
var mid = e.startAngle + (e.endAngle - e.startAngle) / 2;
var rad = e.innerRadius + (e.radius - e.innerRadius) / 2
var p = polarToCartesian(e.center.x, e.center.y, rad, mid);
var group = new kendo.drawing.Group();
var text = new kendo.drawing.Text(e.value, [p.x , p.y], {
fill: {color: "#111",}
});
group.append(e.createVisual());
group.append(text);
return group;
}
Polar to Cartesian:
function polarToCartesian(centerX, centerY, radius, angleInDegrees) {
var angleInRadians = (angleInDegrees) * Math.PI / 180.0;
return {
x: centerX + (radius * Math.cos(angleInRadians)),
y: centerY + (radius * Math.sin(angleInRadians))
};
}