Out of the blue recently, I started receiving notifications that my Jekyll builds were failing on GitHub Pages:
Page build failed. For more information, see https://help.github.com/articles/troubleshooting-github-pages-builds/.
Besides that, there was no info given, and the site built fine on my local machine. I tried everything I could think of: I built the site locally (worked fine on my machine), I deleted the last few files that had been added (no improvement), and I reset the master branch to exactly as it was when I last had a successful build. I figured for sure the last tactic would work, but I kept getting build failures.
I eventually figured out the answer, which I'm going to write in a moment.