python - django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory

Question

When I run python manage.py migrate on my Django project, I get the following error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/hari/project/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-     packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 363, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/hari/project/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 355, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/hari/project/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/hari/project/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/hari/project/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 86, in handle
executor.loader.check_consistent_history(connection)
File "/home/hari/project/env/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 298, in check_consistent_history
connection.alias,
django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory: Migration admin.0001_initial is applied before its dependency account.0001_initial on database 'default'.

I have a user model like below:

class User(AbstractUser):
    place = models.CharField(max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)

How can I solve this problem?

Answer 1

Your django_migrations table in your database is the cause of inconsistency and deleting all the migrations just from local path won't work.

You have to truncate the django_migrations table from your database and then try applying the migrations again. It should work but if it does not then run makemigrations again and then migrate.

Note: don't forget to take a backup of your data.

Answer 2

Since you are using a custom User model, you can first comment out

INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
#'django.contrib.admin',
...
]

in your Installed_Apps settings. Then run

python manage.py migrate.

When done uncomment

'django.contrib.admin'

Answer 3

Lets start off by addressing the issue with most of the answers on this page:

You never have to drop your database if you are using Django's migration system correctly and you should never delete migrations once they are comitted

Now the best solution for you depends on a number of factors which include how experienced you are with Django, what level of understanding you have of the migration system, and how valuable the data in your database is.

In short there are two ways you can address any migration error.

1. Take the nuclear option. Warning: this is only an option if you are working alone. If other people depend on existing migrations you cannot just delete them.

   • Delete all of your migrations, and rebuild a fresh set with python3 -m manage makemigrations. This should remove any problems you had with dependencies or inconsistencies in your migrations.
   • Drop your entire database. This will remove any problems you had with inconsistencies you had between your actual database schema and the schema you should have based on your migration history, and will remove any problems you had with inconsistencies between your migration history and your previous migration files [this is what the InconsistentMigrationHistory is complaining about].
   • Recreate your database schema with python3 -m manage migrate

2. Determine the cause of the error and resolve it, because (speaking from experience) the cause is almost certainly something silly you did. (Generally as a result of not understanding how to use the migration system correctly). Based on the error's I've caused there are three categories.

   1. Inconsistencies with migration files. This is a pretty common one when multiple people are working on a project. Hopefully your changes do not conflict and makemigrations --merge can solve this one, otherwise someone is going to have to roll back their migrations to the branching point in order to resolve this.
   2. Inconsistencies between your schema and your migration history. To manage this someone will have either edited the database schema manually, or deleted migrations. If they deleted a migration, then revert their changes and yell at them; you should never delete migrations if others depend on them. If they edited the database schema manually, revert their changes and then yell at them; Django is managing the database schema, no one else.
   3. Inconsistencies between your migration history and your migrations files. [This is the InconsistentMigrationHistory issue the asker suffers from, and the one I suffered from when I arrived at this page]. To manage this someone has either manually messed with the django_migrations table or deleted a migration after it was applied. To resolve this you are going to have to work out how the inconsistency came about and manually resolve it. If your database schema is correct, and it is just your migration history that is wrong you can manually edit the django_migrations table to resolve this. If your database schema is wrong then you will also have to manually edit that to bring it in line with what it should be.

Based on your description of the problem and the answer you selected I'm going to assume you are working alone, are new to Django, and don't care about your data. So the nuclear option may be right for you.

If you are not in this situation and the above text looks like gibberish, then I suggest asking the Django User's Mailing List for help. There are very helpful people there who can help walk you through resolving the specific mess you are in.

Have faith, you can resolve this error without going nuclear!

Answer 4

Here how to solve this properly.

Follow these steps in your migrations folder inside the project:

1. Delete the _pycache_ and the 0001_initial files.
2. Delete the db.sqlite3 from the root directory (be careful all your data will go away).
3. on the terminal run:
   python manage.py makemigrations
   python manage.py migrate

Voila.

Answer 5

This happened to me in a new project after I added a custom User model, per the recommendation in the django docs.

If you’re starting a new project, it’s highly recommended to set up a custom user model, even if the default User model is sufficient for you.

Here is what I did to solve the problem.

1. Delete the database db.sqlite3.
2. Delete the app/migrations folder.

Per @jackson, temporarily comment out django.contrib.admin.

INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
#‘django.contrib.admin’,
...
]

Also comment out the admin site in urls.py:

urlpatterns = [
    path('profile/', include('restapp.urls')),
    #path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

If you don't comment out the path('admin/'), you will get error "LookupError: No installed app with label 'admin'" when you run

python manage.py migrate

After the migrations finish, uncomment both of the above.

Answer 6

Problem

django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory: Migration admin.0001_initial is applied before its dependency account.0001_initial on database 'default'.

So we can migrate database without admin(admin.0001_initial) firstly.

After its dependency migrated, execute commands to migrate admin.0001_initial.

Solution

1. remove 'django.contrib.admin' from INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py.
2. execute commands:

Python manage.py makemigrations appname

Python manage.py migrate appname

3. add 'django.contrib.admin' to INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py file.
4. execute commands again:

Python manage.py makemigrations appname

Python manage.py migrate appname

Answer 7

Solved by commenting this before migration in settings.py

django.contrib.admin

and in urls.py,

('admin/', admin.site.urls)

uncomment after migrate

Answer 8

just delete the sqlite file or run flush the databse 'python manage.py flush' and then run makemigrations and migrate commands respectively.

Answer 9

when you create a new Django project and run

python manage.py migrate

The Django will create 10 tables for you by default including one auth_user table and two start with auth_user.

when you want to create a custom user model inherit from AbstractUser, you will encounter this problem with error message as follow:

django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory: Migration admin.0001_initial is applied before its dependency account.0001_initial on database 'default'.

I solve this problem by dropping my entire database, and create a new one. And this replaced the three tables I mentioned.

Answer 10

Before performing any other steps, back up your database. Then back it up again.

Remove any custom user model code out of the way, disable your custom model and app in settings, then:

python manage.py dumpdata auth --natural-primary --natural-foreign > auth.json
python manage.py migrate auth zero  # This will also revert out the admin migrations

Then add in your custom model, set it in settings, and re-enable the app. Make sure you have no migrations on this app yet.

Then:

python manage.py makemigrations <your-app>
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py loaddata auth.json  # Assumes your user-model isn't TOO dissimilar to the standard one.

Done!

Answer 11

Your Error is essentially:

Migration "B" is applied before its dependency "A" on database 'default'.

Sanity Check: First, open your database and look at the records in the 'django_migrations' table. Records should be listed in Chronological order (ex: A,B,C,D...).

Make sure that the name of the "A" Migration listed in the error matches the name of the "A" migration listed in the database. (They can differ if you had previously, manually, edited or deleted or renamed migration files)

To Fix This, rename migration A. either in the database or rename the filename. BUT make sure the changes matches up with what other developers on your team have in their databases (or the changes matches what on your production database)

Answer 12

If you are working on an empty database a quick fix could be running the migrations for the account app, before any other app migrations.

$ ./manage.py migrate account

And then:

$ ./manage.py migrate

Answer 13

The order of INSTALLED_APPS seems important. If you always put your recent works on top/beginning of the list they'll always be loaded properly in regard to django.contrib.admin. Moving my works to the beginning of the INSTALLED_APPS list fixed this problem for me. The reason Kun Shi's solution may have worked maybe it ran the migrations in a different order.

Answer 14

Just delete all the migrations folders, __pycache__, .pyc files:

find . | grep -E "(__pycache__|\.pyc|\.pyo$|migrations)" | xargs rm -rf

then, run:

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

Answer 15

First delete all the migrations and db.sqlite3 files and follow these steps:

$ ./manage.py makemigrations myapp 
$ ./manage.py squashmigrations myapp 0001(may be differ)

Delete the old migration file and finally.

$ ./manage.py migrate

Answer 16

If that exception was reveal itself while you are trying to create your own User model instead of standard follow that instruction
I have found my problem resolve by follow that instruction step by step:

1. Create a custom user model identical to auth.User, call it User (so many-to-many tables keep the same name) and set db_table='auth_user' (so it uses the same table)
2. Throw away all your migrations
3. Recreate a fresh set of migrations
4. Sacrifice a chicken, perhaps two if you're anxious; also make a backup of your database
5. Truncate the django_migrations table
6. Fake-apply the new set of migrations
7. Unset db_table, make other changes to the custom model, generate migrations, apply them

It is highly recommended to do this on a database that enforces foreign key constraints. Don't try this on SQLite on your laptop and expect it to work on Postgres on the servers!

Answer 17

If you set AUTH_USER_MODEL in settings.py like this:

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'custom_user_app_name.User'

you should comment this line before run makemigration and migrate commands. Then you can uncomment this line again.

Answer 18

when you create a new project and with no apps, you run the

python manage.py migrate

the Django will create 10 tables by default.

If you want create a customer user model which inherit from AbstractUser after that, you will encounter this problem as follow message:

django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory: Migration admin.0001_initial is applied before its dependency account.0001_initial on database 'default'.

finally, I drop my entire databases and run

Answer 19

I encountered this when migrating from Wagtail 2.0 to 2.4, but have seen it a few other times when a third party app squashes a migration after your current version but before the version you’re migrating to.

The shockingly simple solution in this case at least is:

./manage.py migrate
./manage.py makemigrations
./manage.py migrate

i.e. run a single migrate before trying to makemigrations.

Answer 20

There is another reason besides user error that can lead to this sort of problem: a known issue with Django when it comes to squashed migrations.

We have a series of migrations that work perfectly fine in Python 2.7 + Django 1.11. Running makemigrations or migrate always works as it should, etc., even (for the purpose of testing) when the database is freshly re-created.

However, as we move a project to Python 3.6 (currently using the same Django 1.11) I've been stuck trying to figure out why the same migrations apply just fine only the first time they are run. After that, any attempt to run makemigrations or even just migrate results in the error:

django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory

wherein migration foo.0040-thing is applied before its dependency foo.0038-something-squashed-0039-somethingelse (we only happen to have that one squashed migration... the rest are much more straightforward).

What's bugged me for a while is why this only happens on Python 3. If the DB is truly inconsistent this should be happening all the time. That the migrations appear to work perfectly fine the first time they are applied was equally confounding.

After much searching (including the present Q&A thread), I stumbled upon the aforementioned Django bug report. Our squash migration did indeed use the b prefix in the replaces line (e.g., replaces = [(b'', 'foo.0038-defunct'),.......]

Once I removed the b prefixes from the replaces line it all worked normally.

Answer 21

This Problem will come most of the time if you extend the User Model post initial migration. Because whenever you extend the Abstract user it will create basic fields which were present un the model like email, first_name, etc.

Even this is applicable to any abstract model in django.

So a very simple solution for this is either create a new database then apply migrations or delete [You all data will be deleted in this case.] the same database and reapply migrations.

Answer 22

first of all backup your data. (copy your db file).

delete sqlite.db and also the migration folder.

then, run these commands:

./manage.py makemigrations APP_NAME
./manage.py migrate APP_NAME

after deleting the DB file and migration folder make sure that write the application name after the migration commands.

Answer 23

I have to drop my database to and then run makemigrations and migrate again for this to be resolved on my part.

Answer 24

delete migrations folder and db.sqlite3 and type in the cmd python manage.py makemigrations

Answer 25

django.db.migrations.exceptions.InconsistentMigrationHistory #On Creating Custom User Model

I had that same issue today, and none of the above solutions worked, then I thought to erase all the data from my local PostgreSQL database using this following command

-- Drop everything from the PostgreSQL database.

DO $$
DECLARE
        q TEXT;
        r RECORD;
BEGIN
        -- triggers
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pc.relname, pt.tgname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_trigger pt, pg_catalog.pg_class pc, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pc.relnamespace AND pc.oid=pt.tgrelid
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pt.tgisinternal=false
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP TRIGGER %I ON %I.%I;',
                    r.tgname, r.nspname, r.relname);
        END LOOP;
        -- constraints #1: foreign key
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pc.relname, pcon.conname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_constraint pcon, pg_catalog.pg_class pc, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pc.relnamespace AND pc.oid=pcon.conrelid
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pcon.contype='f'
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('ALTER TABLE ONLY %I.%I DROP CONSTRAINT %I;',
                    r.nspname, r.relname, r.conname);
        END LOOP;
        -- constraints #2: the rest
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pc.relname, pcon.conname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_constraint pcon, pg_catalog.pg_class pc, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pc.relnamespace AND pc.oid=pcon.conrelid
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pcon.contype<>'f'
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('ALTER TABLE ONLY %I.%I DROP CONSTRAINT %I;',
                    r.nspname, r.relname, r.conname);
        END LOOP;
        -- indicēs
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pc.relname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_class pc, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pc.relnamespace
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pc.relkind='i'
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP INDEX %I.%I;',
                    r.nspname, r.relname);
        END LOOP;
        -- normal and materialised views
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pc.relname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_class pc, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pc.relnamespace
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pc.relkind IN ('v', 'm')
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP VIEW %I.%I;',
                    r.nspname, r.relname);
        END LOOP;
        -- tables
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pc.relname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_class pc, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pc.relnamespace
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pc.relkind='r'
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP TABLE %I.%I;',
                    r.nspname, r.relname);
        END LOOP;
        -- sequences
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pc.relname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_class pc, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pc.relnamespace
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pc.relkind='S'
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP SEQUENCE %I.%I;',
                    r.nspname, r.relname);
        END LOOP;
        -- extensions (only if necessary; keep them normally)
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pe.extname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_extension pe, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pe.extnamespace
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP EXTENSION %I;', r.extname);
        END LOOP;
        -- aggregate functions first (because they depend on other functions)
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname, pp.proname, pp.oid
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_proc pp, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns, pg_catalog.pg_aggregate pagg
                WHERE pns.oid=pp.pronamespace
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                    AND pagg.aggfnoid=pp.oid
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP AGGREGATE %I.%I(%s);',
                    r.nspname, r.proname,
                    pg_get_function_identity_arguments(r.oid));
        END LOOP;
        -- routines (functions, aggregate functions, procedures, window functions)
        IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute
                WHERE attrelid='pg_catalog.pg_proc'::regclass
                    AND attname='prokind' -- PostgreSQL 11+
            ) THEN
                q := 'CASE pp.prokind
                        WHEN ''p'' THEN ''PROCEDURE''
                        WHEN ''a'' THEN ''AGGREGATE''
                        ELSE ''FUNCTION''
                    END';
        ELSIF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute
                WHERE attrelid='pg_catalog.pg_proc'::regclass
                    AND attname='proisagg' -- PostgreSQL ≤10
            ) THEN
                q := 'CASE pp.proisagg
                        WHEN true THEN ''AGGREGATE''
                        ELSE ''FUNCTION''
                    END';
        ELSE
                q := '''FUNCTION''';
        END IF;
        FOR r IN EXECUTE 'SELECT pns.nspname, pp.proname, pp.oid, ' || q || ' AS pt
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_proc pp, pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns
                WHERE pns.oid=pp.pronamespace
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN (''information_schema'', ''pg_catalog'', ''pg_toast'')
            ' LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP %s %I.%I(%s);', r.pt,
                    r.nspname, r.proname,
                    pg_get_function_identity_arguments(r.oid));
        END LOOP;
        -- nōn-default schemata we own; assume to be run by a not-superuser
        FOR r IN (SELECT pns.nspname
                FROM pg_catalog.pg_namespace pns, pg_catalog.pg_roles pr
                WHERE pr.oid=pns.nspowner
                    AND pns.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_catalog', 'pg_toast', 'public')
                    AND pr.rolname=current_user
            ) LOOP
                EXECUTE format('DROP SCHEMA %I;', r.nspname);
        END LOOP;
        -- voilà
        RAISE NOTICE 'Database cleared!';
END; $$;

After this you can run django command for migrations

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

And Absolutely that will work . Thank You.

Answer 26

Comment django.contrib.admin from installed apps and also comment path('admin/', admin.site.urls),then rerun makemigrations and then migrate. It will solve your issue. For more info go here

Answer 27

When you are doing some changes to default user model or you are making a custom user model by abstractuser then lot of times you will face that error

1: Remember when we create a superuser then for logging in we need username and password but if you converted USERNAME_FIELD = 'email' then now you can't login with username and password because your username field is converted into email....

and if you try to make another superuser then it will not ask for username it will only ask for email and password and then after creating superuser by email and password only when you try to login in admin pannel then it will throw that error because there is not any username and username field is required

2: That's why after creating custom user model during migrate it will throw error so for resolving it first add AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'appname.custommodelname' (appname is the app name where you definded your custom user model and custom model name is the name of the model which you gave to your custom user model) in your settings.py 3: Then delete the migrations folder of that app where you created that custom user model then delete the database db.sqlite3 of the project 4: Now run migrations python manage.py makemigrations appname(that app name where you defined your custom user model) 5: Then Migrate it by python manage.py migrate 6: That's it Now it is Done

Answer 28

Okay, before you do anything weird or nuclear, first just drop your database and rebuild it.

If using POsgres -

DROP SCHEMA public CASCADE;
CREATE SCHEMA PUBLIC;

Then just remake your migrations

./manage.py migrate

This is the most basic solution, which typically will clear things up. Don't just go remaking the migrations until absolutely neccessary.