If you are using ./odoo-bin to start/stop your server, then the command line will actually warn you of your error before you have to go to the browser to get the Internal Server Error notice.
It looks something like this:

When there is an error in your Odoo application, it will look like this:

After the Error, there will be Traceback (most recent call last): and what follows will be the traceback leading to the error, or what happened leading to the error.
The last line of the traceback is the error message, which in this case reads: AssertionError: The report...already exists.. You can search the specific error on Google or StackOverflow to get some possible solutions to the error.
But to answer your question, what you can do after getting this error will be to hit CTRL+C twice to kill the server. Make the required changes to your module then restart the module with the -d database flag and -u flag to update your module.
So the full command would look like:
./odoo-bin -d database_name -u module_name_1,module_name_2
Wait a while for the server to start, then if you don't get an error you can then go to your browser to load your Odoo instance.