According to Authorizing Your App with Gmail:
All requests to the Gmail API must be authorized by an authenticated
user. Gmail uses the OAuth 2.0 protocol for authenticating a Google
account and authorizing access to user data. You can also use Google+
Sign-in to provide a "sign-in with Google" authentication method for
your app.
If you watch the video from the Google Sign-in link you provided, you will know that this tool is used to handle "signing-in". Now if you want to use Gmail APIs, you'll have to do more. Aside from OAuth, you will need to handle authentication and authorization, as well as scopes.
Since you seem to be working on Android and iOS, check this quickstarts. They have sign-in for Gmail API implemented:
Android Quickstart
iOS Quickstart