My kubernetes pods keep crashing with “CrashLoopBackOff” but I can't find any log

Question

This is what I keep getting:

[root@centos-master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME               READY     STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE
nfs-server-h6nw8   1/1       Running            0          1h
nfs-web-07rxz      0/1       CrashLoopBackOff   8          16m
nfs-web-fdr9h      0/1       CrashLoopBackOff   8          16m

Below is output from "describe pods" kubectl describe pods

Events:
  FirstSeen LastSeen    Count   From                SubobjectPath       Type        Reason      Message
  --------- --------    -----   ----                -------------       --------    ------      -------
  16m       16m     1   {default-scheduler }                    Normal      Scheduled   Successfully assigned nfs-web-fdr9h to centos-minion-2
  16m       16m     1   {kubelet centos-minion-2}   spec.containers{web}    Normal      Created     Created container with docker id 495fcbb06836
  16m       16m     1   {kubelet centos-minion-2}   spec.containers{web}    Normal      Started     Started container with docker id 495fcbb06836
  16m       16m     1   {kubelet centos-minion-2}   spec.containers{web}    Normal      Started     Started container with docker id d56f34ae4e8f
  16m       16m     1   {kubelet centos-minion-2}   spec.containers{web}    Normal      Created     Created container with docker id d56f34ae4e8f
  16m       16m     2   {kubelet centos-minion-2}               Warning     FailedSync  Error syncing pod, skipping: failed to "StartContainer" for "web" with CrashLoopBackOff: "Back-off 10s restarting failed container=web pod=nfs-web-fdr9h_default(461c937d-d870-11e6-98de-005056040cc2)"

I have two pods: nfs-web-07rxz, nfs-web-fdr9h, but if I do "kubectl logs nfs-web-07rxz" or with "-p" option I don't see any log in both pods.

[root@centos-master ~]# kubectl logs nfs-web-07rxz -p
[root@centos-master ~]# kubectl logs nfs-web-07rxz

This is my replicationController yaml file: replicationController yaml file

apiVersion: v1 kind: ReplicationController metadata:   name: nfs-web spec:   replicas: 2   selector:
    role: web-frontend   template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        role: web-frontend
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: web
        image: eso-cmbu-docker.artifactory.eng.vmware.com/demo-container:demo-version3.0
        ports:
          - name: web
            containerPort: 80
        securityContext:
          privileged: true

My Docker image was made from this simple docker file:

FROM ubuntu
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y nginx
RUN apt-get install -y nfs-common

I am running my kubernetes cluster on CentOs-1611, kube version:

[root@centos-master ~]# kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"3", GitVersion:"v1.3.0", GitCommit:"86dc49aa137175378ac7fba7751c3d3e7f18e5fc", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2016-12-15T16:57:18Z", GoVersion:"go1.6.3", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"3", GitVersion:"v1.3.0", GitCommit:"86dc49aa137175378ac7fba7751c3d3e7f18e5fc", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2016-12-15T16:57:18Z", GoVersion:"go1.6.3", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

If I run the docker image by "docker run" I was able to run the image without any issue, only through kubernetes I got the crash.

Can someone help me out, how can I debug without seeing any log?

Answer 1

As @Sukumar commented, you need to have your Dockerfile have a Command to run or have your ReplicationController specify a command.

The pod is crashing because it starts up then immediately exits, thus Kubernetes restarts and the cycle continues.

Answer 2

kubectl -n <namespace-name> describe pod <pod name>

kubectl -n <namespace-name> logs -p  <pod name> 

Answer 3

If you have an application that takes slower to bootstrap, it could be related to the initial values of the readiness/liveness probes. I solved my problem by increasing the value of initialDelaySeconds to 120s as my SpringBoot application deals with a lot of initialization. The documentation does not mention the default 0 (https://kubernetes.io/docs/api-reference/v1.9/#probe-v1-core)

service:
  livenessProbe:
    httpGet:
      path: /health/local
      scheme: HTTP
      port: 8888
    initialDelaySeconds: 120
    periodSeconds: 5
    timeoutSeconds: 5
    failureThreshold: 10
  readinessProbe:
    httpGet:
      path: /admin/health
      scheme: HTTP
      port: 8642
    initialDelaySeconds: 150
    periodSeconds: 5
    timeoutSeconds: 5
    failureThreshold: 10

A very good explanation about those values is given by What is the default value of initialDelaySeconds.

The health or readiness check algorithm works like:

1. wait for initialDelaySeconds
2. perform check and wait timeoutSeconds for a timeout if the number of continued successes is greater than successThreshold return success
3. if the number of continued failures is greater than failureThreshold return failure otherwise wait periodSeconds and start a new check

In my case, my application can now bootstrap in a very clear way, so that I know I will not get periodic crashloopbackoff because sometimes it would be on the limit of those rates.

Answer 4

I had the need to keep a pod running for subsequent kubectl exec calls and as the comments above pointed out my pod was getting killed by my k8s cluster because it had completed running all its tasks. I managed to keep my pod running by simply kicking the pod with a command that would not stop automatically as in:

kubectl run YOUR_POD_NAME -n YOUR_NAMESPACE --image SOME_PUBLIC_IMAGE:latest --command tailf /dev/null

Answer 5

From This page, the container dies after running everything correctly but crashes because all the commands ended. Either you make your services run on the foreground, or you create a keep alive script. By doing so, Kubernetes will show that your application is running. We have to note that in the Docker environment, this problem is not encountered. It is only Kubernetes that wants a running app.

Update (an example):

Here's how to avoid CrashLoopBackOff, when launching a Netshoot container:

kubectl run netshoot --image nicolaka/netshoot -- sleep infinity

Answer 6

My pod kept crashing and I was unable to find the cause. Luckily there is a space where kubernetes saves all the events that occurred before my pod crashed.
(#List Events sorted by timestamp)

To see these events run the command:

kubectl get events --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp

make sure to add a --namespace mynamespace argument to the command if needed

The events shown in the output of the command showed my why my pod kept crashing.

Answer 7

In your yaml file, add command and args lines:

...
containers:
      - name: api
        image: localhost:5000/image-name 
        command: [ "sleep" ]
        args: [ "infinity" ]
...

Works for me.

Answer 8

I solved this problem I increased memory resource

  resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1
            memory: 1Gi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
        memory: 250Mi 

Answer 9

In my case the problem was what Steve S. mentioned:

The pod is crashing because it starts up then immediately exits, thus Kubernetes restarts and the cycle continues.

Namely I had a Java application whose main threw an exception (and something overrode the default uncaught exception handler so that nothing was logged). The solution was to put the body of main into try { ... } catch and print out the exception. Thus I could find out what was wrong and fix it.

(Another cause could be something in the app calling System.exit; you could use a custom SecurityManager with an overridden checkExit to prevent (or log the caller of) exit; see https://stackoverflow.com/a/5401319/204205.)

Answer 10

I had same issue and now I finally resolved it. I am not using docker-compose file. I just added this line in my Docker file and it worked.

ENV CI=true

Reference: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/skaffold/issues/3882

Answer 11

I observed the same issue, and added the command and args block in yaml file. I am copying sample of my yaml file for reference

 apiVersion: v1
    kind: Pod
    metadata:
      labels:
        run: ubuntu
      name: ubuntu
      namespace: default
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: gcr.io/ow/hellokubernetes/ubuntu
        imagePullPolicy: Never
        name: ubuntu
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
        command: ["/bin/sh"]
        args: ["-c", "while true; do echo hello; sleep 10;done"]
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
      enableServiceLinks: true

Answer 12

In my case this error was specific to the hello-world docker image. I used the nginx image instead of the hello-world image and the error was resolved.

Answer 13

Try rerunning the pod and running

 kubectl get pods --watch

to watch the status of the pod as it progresses.

In my case, I would only see the end result, 'CrashLoopBackOff,' but the docker container ran fine locally. So I watched the pods using the above command, and I saw the container briefly progress into an OOMKilled state, which meant to me that it required more memory.

Answer 14

i solved this problem by removing space between quotes and command value inside of array ,this is happened because container exited after started and no executable command present which to be run inside of container.

['sh', '-c', 'echo Hello Kubernetes! && sleep 3600']

Answer 15

I had similar issue but got solved when I corrected my zookeeper.yaml file which had the service name mismatch with file deployment's container names. It got resolved by making them same.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: zk1
  namespace: nbd-mlbpoc-lab
  labels:
    app: zk-1
spec:
  ports:
  - name: client
    port: 2181
    protocol: TCP
  - name: follower
    port: 2888
    protocol: TCP
  - name: leader
    port: 3888
    protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: zk-1
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: zk-deployment
  namespace: nbd-mlbpoc-lab
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: zk-1
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: zk1
        image: digitalwonderland/zookeeper
        ports:
        - containerPort: 2181
        env:
        - name: ZOOKEEPER_ID
          value: "1"
        - name: ZOOKEEPER_SERVER_1
          value: zk1

Answer 16

In my case, the issue was a misconstrued list of command-line arguments. I was doing this in my deployment file:

...
args:
  - "--foo 10"
  - "--bar 100"

Instead of the correct approach:

...
args:
  - "--foo"
  - "10"
  - "--bar"
  - "100"

Answer 17

I finally found the solution when I execute 'docker run xxx ' command ,and I got the error then.It is caused by incomplete-platform .

Answer 18

As mentioned in above posts, the container exits upon creation.

If you want to test this without using a yaml file, you can pass the command to the kubectl create deployment statement. The double hyphen -- indicates a command, which is equivalent of command: in a deployment yaml file.

The below command creates a deployment for debian.

kubectl create deployment deb --image=debian:buster-slim -- "sh" "-c" "while true; do sleep 1234; done"

You just have to create a service etc, but you can kubectl exec -it <pod-name> sh into it to test it.

Answer 19

Whilst troubleshooting the same issue I found no logs when using kubeclt logs <pod_id>. Therefore I ssh:ed in to the node instance to try to run the container using plain docker. To my surprise this failed also.

When entering the container with:

docker exec -it faulty:latest /bin/sh

and poking around I found that it wasn't the latest version.

A faulty version of the docker image was already available on the instance.

When I removed the faulty:latest instance with:

docker rmi faulty:latest

everything started to work.