Make the form in below format
public function form( $instance ) {
$title = ! empty( $instance['title'] ) ? $instance['title'] : esc_html__( 'New title', 'text_domain' );
?>
<p>
<label for="<?php echo esc_attr( $this->get_field_id( 'title' ) ); ?>"><?php esc_attr_e( 'Title:', 'text_domain' ); ?></label>
<input class="widefat" id="<?php echo esc_attr( $this->get_field_id( 'title' ) ); ?>" name="<?php echo esc_attr( $this->get_field_name( 'title' ) ); ?>" type="text" value="<?php echo esc_attr( $title ); ?>">
</p>
<?php
}
Update the values to database in the below format
public function update( $new_instance, $old_instance ) {
$instance = array();
$instance['title'] = ( ! empty( $new_instance['title'] ) ) ? strip_tags( $new_instance['title'] ) : '';
return $instance;
}
and then you can fetch the values in front-end in the below way :
public function widget( $args, $instance ) {
echo $args['before_widget'];
if ( ! empty( $instance['title'] ) ) {
echo $args['before_title'] . apply_filters( 'widget_title', $instance['title'] ) . $args['after_title'];
}
echo esc_html__( 'Hello, World!', 'text_domain' );
echo $args['after_widget'];
}
For details read this : https://codex.wordpress.org/Widgets_API