python - Kivy: compiling to a single executable

Question

Didn't get a response in the kivy forum, so trying here.

When I compile the tutorial pong code as a one file executable, I must still include the pong.kv file in the same folder for it to run. Otherwise, I get the following error when launching the exe:

    GL: EXT_framebuffer_object is supported
    [INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL version 
    [INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL vendor 
    [INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL renderer 
    [INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL parsed version: 2, 1
    [INFO              ] [GL          ] Shading version 
    [INFO              ] [GL          ] Texture max size 
    [INFO              ] [GL          ] Texture max units 
    [INFO              ] [Window      ] auto add sdl2 input provider
    [INFO              ] [Window      ] virtual keyboard not allowed,
    single mode, not docked
     Traceback (most recent call last):
       File "", line 81, in 
       File "c:\python34\lib\site-packages\kivy\app.py", line 802, in
    run
         root = self.build()
       File "", line 75, in build
       File "", line 20, in serveBall
     AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'center'
    main returned -1

How can I get it to run as one executable. Here's my pong.spec file:

    # -*- mode: python -*-

    from kivy.deps import sdl2, glew

    block_cipher = None


    a = Analysis(['Code\main.py'],
                 pathex=['E:\\Development\\Pong'],
                 binaries=None,
                 datas=None,
                 hiddenimports=[],
                 hookspath=[],
                 runtime_hooks=[],
                 excludes=[],
                 win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
                 win_private_assemblies=False,
                 cipher=block_cipher)
    pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
                 cipher=block_cipher)

    a.datas += [('Code\pong.kv', 'E:\\Development\\Pong\Code\pong.kv', 'DATA')] 

    exe = EXE(pyz,Tree('Code'),
              a.scripts,
              a.binaries,
              a.zipfiles,
              a.datas,
              *[Tree(p) for p in (sdl2.dep_bins + glew.dep_bins)],
              name='pong',
              debug=False,
              strip=False,
              upx=True,
              console=True , icon='pong.ico')

Note that I tried to include the pong.kv in the datas list but that didn't help.

Thanks, -Raj

Answer 1

Based on the links provided by KeyWeeUsr (Bundling data files with PyInstaller and Using PyInstaller to make EXEs from Python scripts) and combining that with Kivy's resource path method, here's a workable solution. I feel it's a bit rough around the edges because it uses SYS._MEIPASS (I would prefer a public API) and requires adding a code snippet to your Python code. However, the solution works on both Windows and Mac so will share.

Assume I have the following code hierarchy:

MyCode/
    MyApp.py  (This is the main program)
    myapp.kv  (This is the associated kv file)

    MyData/      (This is where data is located that the app uses)
       myapp.icns (e.g. icon file for mac)
       myapp.ico  (e.g. icon file for windows)

Build/
    mac/ 
        myapp.spec (spec file to build on mac platform)
    pc/ 
        myapp.spec (spec file to build on windows platform)

MyHiddenImports/ (Folder containing python files for hidden imports)

I added a MyHiddenImports folder to the example in case your code also appends another folder containing python code to sys.path during run time.

In MyApp.py add the following:

def resourcePath():
    '''Returns path containing content - either locally or in pyinstaller tmp file'''
    if hasattr(sys, '_MEIPASS'):
        return os.path.join(sys._MEIPASS)

    return os.path.join(os.path.abspath("."))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    kivy.resources.resource_add_path(resourcePath()) # add this line
    my_app = MyApp()

The resources_add_path() tells Kivy where to look for the data/.kv files. For example, on the Mac, when running the pyinstaller app, it pointed to /private/var/folders/80/y766cxq10fb_794019j7qgnh0000gn/T/_MEI25602 and in windows, it pointed to c:\users\raj\AppData\Local\Temp_MEI64zTut (these folders get deleted after exiting app and creates another name when launched again).

I created the initial Mac template spec file with the following command:

pyinstaller --onefile -y --clean --windowed --name myapp --icon=../../Code/Data/myapp.icns --exclude-module _tkinter --exclude-module Tkinter --exclude-module enchant --exclude-module twisted ../../Code/MyApp.py

Here's the modified Mac OS Spec file:

# -*- mode: python -*-

block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['../../Code/MyApp.py'],
            pathex=['/Users/raj/Development/Build/mac', 
            '../../MyHiddenImports'],    
            binaries=None,
            datas=None,
            hiddenimports=['MyHiddenImports'],    
            hookspath=[],
            runtime_hooks=[],
            excludes=['_tkinter', 'Tkinter', 'enchant', 'twisted'],
            win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
            win_private_assemblies=False,
            cipher=block_cipher)

pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
            cipher=block_cipher)

a.datas += [('myapp.kv', '../../MyCode/my.kv', 'DATA')]

exe = EXE(pyz, Tree('../../Code/Data', 'Data'), 
            a.scripts,
            a.binaries,
            a.zipfiles,
            a.datas,
            name='myapp',
            debug=False,
            strip=False,
            upx=True,
            console=False , icon='../../Code/Data/myapp.icns')

app = BUNDLE(exe,
             name='myapp.app',
             icon='../../Code/Data/myapp.icns',
             bundle_identifier=None)

Things to note: I added the hidden imports path to pathex, and referenced the package in hiddenimports. I appended the myapp.kv file to a.datas so it will be copied into the app. In the EXE, I added the Data tree. I included the prefix argument, as I wanted the Data folder to be copied into the app (versus having the children sit at the root level).

To compile the code to create the app and put it into a dmg file I have a make-myapp script that does the following:

pyinstaller -y --clean --windowed myapp.spec
pushd dist
hdiutil create ./myapp.dmg -srcfolder myapp.app -ov
popd
cp ./dist/myapp.dmg .

Similarly, here's the windows spec file:

# -*- mode: python -*-

from kivy.deps import sdl2, glew

block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['..\\..\\Code\\Cobbler.py'],
             pathex=['E:\\Development\\MyApp\\Build\\pc',
             '..\\..\\MyHiddenImports'],
             binaries=None,
             datas=None,
             hiddenimports=['MyHiddenImports'],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)

pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
         cipher=block_cipher)

a.datas += [('myapp.kv', '../../Code/myapp.kv', 'DATA')]

exe = EXE(pyz, Tree('..\\..\\Code\\Data','Data'),
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries,
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          *[Tree(p) for p in (sdl2.dep_bins + glew.dep_bins)],
          name='myapp',
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          console=False, icon='..\\..\\Code\\Data\\myapp.ico' )

And to compile the windows app:

python -m PyInstaller myapp.spec

Answer 2

If you don't care about the code length, what about loading kv data inside a .py file using Builder.load_string? This way the whole code is kept inside your python script and that may help to compile it to .exe.