Just for record, nothing above helped out with this issue.
After some effort, I decided to get a previous version of code, since I already had published the application on an Android device and didn't happend this error.
I noticed that I've made some changes in config.xml, and the change that was causing the problem was the "Package Name" on "Common" section. I've put a capitalized name, like "Mycompany.Packagename". When I changed to "com.mycompany.packagename", worked like a charm.
It's strange, since the error does not appear to be related to this, but I've tested and could simulate and replicated the error, so this is a warning: use lower case in the Package Name field.