python - Why use pip over easy_install?

Question

A tweet reads:

Don't use easy_install, unless you like stabbing yourself in the face. Use pip.

Why use pip over easy_install? Doesn't the fault lie with PyPI and package authors mostly? If an author uploads crap source tarball (eg: missing files, no setup.py) to PyPI, then both pip and easy_install will fail. Other than cosmetic differences, why do Python people (like in the above tweet) seem to strongly favor pip over easy_install?

(Let's assume that we're talking about easy_install from the Distribute package, that is maintained by the community)

Before I saw this question I answered an unrelated one by saying "don't use easy_install, use pip". Now I'm wondering why I said that... — Daniel Roseman
I still run into packages that cause pip to fail but easy_install handles just fine, so I'm curious about this as well. — kwatford
pyobjc-core is an example of a package that works with easy_install but not with pip. — Marc Abramowitz
Coming back to python four years later the state of packaging is beyond messed up. It's 2014 and it only got worse. From what I understand setuptools absorbed distutils, even though official python docs are oblivious to this, but neither is going to be part of python 3, and pip is hanging around like a third wheel (pun intended). — Andriy Drozdyuk
@drozzy: You happened to come back at the worst possible time—right after a group of core devs decided things had become such a mess that they had to get involved in solving the problem. setuptools isn't part of Python 3 because pip is, and that's the only part end-users need. (And developers who want to distribute on PyPI can obviously pip install setuptools, and everything else they might want.) — abarnert

abarnert abarnert · Accepted Answer · 2015-05-23T03:10:30

Many of the answers here are out of date for 2015 (although the initially accepted one from Daniel Roseman is not). Here's the current state of things:

Binary packages are now distributed as wheels (.whl files)—not just on PyPI, but in third-party repositories like Christoph Gohlke's Extension Packages for Windows. pip can handle wheels; easy_install cannot.
Virtual environments (which come built-in with 3.4, or can be added to 2.6+/3.1+ with virtualenv) have become a very important and prominent tool (and recommended in the official docs); they include pip out of the box, but don't even work properly with easy_install.
The distribute package that included easy_install is no longer maintained. Its improvements over setuptools got merged back into setuptools. Trying to install distribute will just install setuptools instead.
easy_install itself is only quasi-maintained.
All of the cases where pip used to be inferior to easy_install—installing from an unpacked source tree, from a DVCS repo, etc.—are long-gone; you can pip install ., pip install git+https://.
pip comes with the official Python 2.7 and 3.4+ packages from python.org, and a pip bootstrap is included by default if you build from source.
The various incomplete bits of documentation on installing, using, and building packages have been replaced by the Python Packaging User Guide. Python's own documentation on Installing Python Modules now defers to this user guide, and explicitly calls out pip as "the preferred installer program".
Other new features have been added to pip over the years that will never be in easy_install. For example, pip makes it easy to clone your site-packages by building a requirements file and then installing it with a single command on each side. Or to convert your requirements file to a local repo to use for in-house development. And so on.

The only good reason that I know of to use easy_install in 2015 is the special case of using Apple's pre-installed Python versions with OS X 10.5-10.8. Since 10.5, Apple has included easy_install, but as of 10.10 they still don't include pip. With 10.9+, you should still just use get-pip.py, but for 10.5-10.8, this has some problems, so it's easier to sudo easy_install pip. (In general, easy_install pip is a bad idea; it's only for OS X 10.5-10.8 that you want to do this.) Also, 10.5-10.8 include readline in a way that easy_install knows how to kludge around but pip doesn't, so you also want to sudo easy_install readline if you want to upgrade that.

python - Why use pip over easy_install?

9 Answers

A quick update: