I'm not sure how to display any equations on the graph, but you should be able to replicate the cubic spline interpolation using the commands spline and unmkpp.
% returns the piecewise polynomial form of the cubic spline interpolant
pp = spline(x,Y)
% use unmkpp(pp) to get the piecewise polynomial details
[breaks,coefs,l,k,d] = unmkpp(pp)
Note that you will have a set of coefficients for each piece in the piecewise polynomial. For example:
x = -4:4;
y = [0 .15 1.12 2.36 2.36 1.46 .49 .06 0];
% cs stores the piecewise polynomial
cs = spline(x,[0 y 0]);
% extract the coefficients
[breaks,coefs,l,k,d] = unmkpp(cs)
% the endpoints of each of the polynomial pieces
breaks =
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
% 8 sets of coefficients (each set of 4 coefficients for one polynomial piece)
coefs =
0.20344 -0.05344 0.00000 0.00000
-0.09033 0.55689 0.50344 0.15000
-0.39211 0.28589 1.34622 1.12000
0.14878 -0.89045 0.74167 2.36000
0.13699 -0.44411 -0.59289 2.36000
0.13325 -0.03313 -1.07012 1.46000
-0.05998 0.36661 -0.73663 0.49000
-0.06334 0.18668 -0.18334 0.06000
% the number of pieces is 8
l = 8
% order is 4 (so 4 coefficients)
k = 4
d = 1
% plot the interpolation
xx = linspace(-4,4,101);
plot(x,y,'o',xx,ppval(cs,xx),'-');