I believe this custom query should actually be your main query, in which case you should not use a custom query
The problem you are facing is either due to
Wrong use somewhere of pre_get_posts. Remember, pre_get_posts alters all instances of WP_Query, backend and front end. Lack of correct use will break all queries
You have not changed the loop to be objects of your new query
To come back to the point, as said, this is suppose to be the main query, so lets target that problem.
The first thing to do would be to delete the custom query. Once you have done this, you would only see normal post.
We are now going to use pre_get_posts to alter the main query to only show custom posts. Paste the following inside your functions.php
add_action( 'pre_get_posts', function ( $q ) {
if( !is_admin() && $q->is_main_query() && $q->is_home() ) {
$q->set( 'post_type', 'YOUR CPT' );
}
});
You should now just see post from your cpt on the homepage
EDIT
Your index.php should look something like this
if( have_posts() ) {
while( have_posts() ) {
the_post();
// HTML mark up and template tags like the_title()
}
}else{
echo 'No posts found';
}
pre_get_postsmight also be the culprit here. Also +1 for not reverting toquery_postsas an alternative - Pieter Goosen