We have a PHP 5.2 based app which we migrated to GCE, and encountered the problem where the Mysqli client does not work.
We used Atomic Archive repo to install PHP 5.2 on GCE 6 CentOS 6: http://www6.atomicorp.com/channels/atomic/centos/6/x86_64/RPMS/
and also installed the provided Mysql client: mysql-5.5.40-26.el6.art.x86_64.rpm
Following testing, the application fails with following error: Warning: mysqli::mysqli() [mysqli.mysqli]: (HY000/2003): Can't connect to MySQL server on XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
While the command line mysql client works just fine.
While looking at the mysqli.so PHP extension, we noticed it uses the oldest available MySQL library: /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16
Any chance that this library doesn't work with Google Cloud SQL?