Not on a mac (which you need for iOS development). With the .NET backend you can run the service locally on a Windows machine, but it will be running off of localhost.
For iOS development, you have two choices. If you use the JavaScript / node.js backend, where all of your development can be done in the Mac (you can configure the service via Git locally or directly in the portal). If you use the .NET backend (the link you mentioned), then you need the Mac for the client-side development, and a PC (or Windows running in the Mac on an emulator such as parallels) to develop the server (you need Visual Studio for that).
And regarding your question about the table, when you run it locally, it will use Entity Framework Code First (by default), so you don't need to create the table in your (local) database - it will create it automatically for you.