Simulating 3D 'cards' with just orthographic rendering

2
votes

I am rendering textured quads from an orthographic perspective and would like to simulate 'depth' by modifying UVs and the vertex positions of the quads four points (top left, top right, bottom left, bottom right).

I've found if I make the top left and bottom right corners y position be the same I don't get a linear 'skew' but rather a warped one where the texture covering the top triangle (which makes up the quad) seems to get squashed while the bottom triangles texture looks normal.

I can change UVs, any of the four points on the quad (but only in 2D space, it's orthographic projection anyway so 3D space won't matter much). So basically I'm trying to simulate perspective on a two dimensional quad in orthographic projection, any ideas? Is it even mathematically possible/feasible?

ideally what I'd like is a situation where I can set an x/y rotation as well as a virtual z 'position' (which simulates z depth) through a function and see it internally calclate the positions/uvs to create the 3D effect. It seems like this should all be mathematical where a set of 2D transforms can be applied to each corner of the quad to simulate depth, I just don't know how to make it happen. I'd guess it requires trigonometry or something, I'm trying to crunch the math but not making much progress.

here's what I mean:

alt text

Top left is just the card, center is the card with a y rotation of X degrees and right most is a card with an x and y rotation of different degrees.

1
graphicsrenderingperspectiveorthographic
Some images of what you're trying to achieve and what you actually get would go a long way to make this question clearer. use imgur.com/ for free and quick image storage. – shoosh
Your pictures show a perspective projection, not an orthographic projection. Which one do you want? – Thomas
I want to simulate perspective rendering in orthographic projection by modifying UVs and the quads positions, when I show the card in perspective I'm only doing it to highlight what I'm trying to achieve in orthographic view. In other words I want to do what you see in the perspective shots in orthographic projection instead. – meds

1 Answers

4
votes

To compute the 2D coordinates of the corners, just choose the coordinates in 3D and apply the 3D perspective equations :

Original card corner (x,y,z)

Apply a rotation ( by matrix multiplication ) you get ( x',y',z')

Apply a perspective projection ( choose some camera origin, direction and field of view ) For the most simple case it's :

  • x'' = x' / z
  • y'' = y' / z

The bigger problem now is the texturing used to get the texture coordinates from pixel coordinates :

The correct way for you is to use an homographic transformation of the form :

  • U(x,y) = ( ax + cy + e ) / (gx + hy + 1)
  • V(x,y) = ( bx + dy + f ) / (gx + hy + 1)

Which is fact is the result of the perpective equations applied to a plane.

a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h are computed so that ( with U,V in [0..1] ) :

  • U(top'',left'') = (0,0)
  • U(top'',right'') = (0,1)
  • U(bottom'',left'') = (1,0)
  • U(bottom'',right'') = (1,1)

But your 2D rendering framework probably uses instead a bilinear interpolation :

  • U( x , y ) = a + b * x + c * y + d * ( x * y )
  • V( x , y ) = e + f * x + g * y + h * ( x * y )

In that case you get a bad looking result.

And it is even worse if the renderer splits the quad in two triangles !

So I see only two options :

  • use a 3D renderer
  • compute the texturing yourself if you only need a few images and not a realtime animation.