Plot Time Series hourly data for 3 years

Question

Below is what my data looks like. My data is called sales1156.

> sales1156
date.and.time      hsales  
 06/01/11 09:00    14.00
 06/01/11 10:00    28.00
 06/01/11 11:00    28.00
 06/01/11 12:00    28.00
 06/01/11 13:00    28.00
 06/01/11 14:00    28.00

The data continues till 4th Oct 2013(04/10/2013). I have used the following commands to create a time series object.

> hsales1156xts<-as.xts(sales1156,order.by=as.Date(sales1156$date.and.time,frequency=24))
> is.xts(hsales1156xts)
[1] TRUE

The problem is that I am not able to plot a proper graph.

> plot.xts(hsales1156xts)   # This command is throwing a warning as mentioned below    
Warning message:
In plot.xts(hsales1156xts) : only the univariate series will be plotted

Stackoverflow is not allowing me to attach the graph. Someone please help me to plot this time series. Any good read or suggestion would be great. I am unable to make much out of the xts and zoo documents. Thus a little detailed syntax and explanation is required.

If you put the plots on Imgur and post the links, someone with more rep can add them for you. — Thomas
when entering the question press ctrl-g to insert a graphic. Show the output of dput(sales1156) or if its very large of dput(head(sales1156)) — G. Grothendieck

Silence Dogood Silence Dogood · Accepted Answer · 2014-08-01T07:54:48

The date column needs to be excluded from data input in as.xts(x=

Test Example:

require(PerformanceAnalytics)

data(economics)
colnames(economics)
#[1] "date"     "pce"      "pop"      "psavert"  "uempmed"  "unemploy"

#Subset your timeseries
economics_sub=economics[,c("date","uempmed")]

#Ensure your date or datetime object is in the correct format
economics_sub$date=as.Date(economics_sub[,1],format="%Y-%m-%d")

#Exclude date column whie reading data in  "x ="
economics_xts<-as.xts(x=economics_sub[,"uempmed"],order.by=economics_sub[,"date"])
colnames(economics_xts)=colnames(economics_sub)[-1]

head(economics_xts)
#           uempmed
#1967-06-30     4.5
#1967-07-31     4.7
#1967-08-31     4.6
#1967-09-30     4.9
#1967-10-31     4.7
#1967-11-30     4.8


#Plot Series using PerformanceAnalytics function 'chart_Series'
chart_Series(economics_xts)

enter image description here

Your Example:

#Data input
sales1156=read.csv(text='date.time,hsales
 "06/01/11 09:00",14.00
 "06/01/11 10:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 11:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 12:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 13:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 14:00",28.00',header=TRUE)

#Check format of your datetime index
str(sales1156)
#'data.frame':  6 obs. of  2 variables:
# $ date.time: Factor w/ 6 levels " 06/01/11 09:00",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6
# $ hsales   : num  14 28 28 28 28 28

#The datetime index has been read as a factor and not as datetime object

#Convert datetime to appropriate format, in this case POSIXct format

sales1156$date.time=as.POSIXct(sales1156$date.time,format="%d/%m/%y %H:%M")

#Check if your formatting has worked as intended

str(sales1156)
#'data.frame':  6 obs. of  2 variables:
# $ date.time: POSIXct, format: "2011-01-06 09:00:00" "2011-01-06 10:00:00" ...
# $ hsales   : num  14 28 28 28 28 28

#Converion to xts,exclude date column whie reading data in  "x ="
hsales1156xts<-as.xts(x=sales1156[,"hsales"],order.by=sales1156[,"date.time"])
colnames(hsales1156xts)=colnames(sales1156)[-1]

head(hsales1156xts)
#                    hsales
#2011-01-06 09:00:00     14
#2011-01-06 10:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 11:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 12:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 13:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 14:00:00     28

#Plot Series using PerformanceAnalytics function 'chart_Series'
chart_Series(hsales1156xts)

enter image description here

Plot Time Series hourly data for 3 years

1 Answers