After doing the above:
Use the first answer solve the problem with monodevelop, then use this answer to install MCS.
incase you face any issue try running below command
sudo apt-get -f install
Now, install mcs utility which can compile your C# into exe file
sudo apt-get install mcs
create a c# file. For Example(This is how you name a c# file): "newfile.cs"
Sample code
//This is a c# program that prints out "Hello World"
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
namespace IncludeHelp
{
class Test
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//This is line will print out "Hello World"
Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
//This let's us exit the porgram when you press enter
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
Save the file as "newfile.cs"
Open terminal and type mcs newfile.cs
This will compile the file and turn it into a .exe file
Now type in the terminal the following mono newfile.cs
Good Luck!