No, you cannot get any CoreLocation iBeacon events or CoreBluetooth events from the iOS simulator. This makes it of very limited use in developing iBeacon applications.
While you will certainly need a real physical device with iOS7 and BLE (iPhone 4S+) for testing, you can still do lots of you development on the simulator. You simply need to build "back doors" or insert test code to trigger your iBeacon events. (There is nothing to prevent you from calling your CoreLocation delegate methods explicitly from test code.) I find that getting the iBeacon part of the code working is about 10 percent of the job. The rest of the app development can be done in the simulator.