Found a solution. I'm simply using the .xpi that Firefox packs automatically for testing. In order to use it, run the cfx run with the -p parameter pointing to a profile you've created, like this:
cfx run -p <your path to firefox>\profiles\someprofile
After running, go the that profile's folder, and find in there the extensions folder, it should be something like this:
<your path to firefox>\profiles\someprofile\extensions
In there you'll have your addon with a weird file name and an .xpi file extension. Rename it to anything you want, leaving the .xpi file extension intact.
EDIT:
Apparently the cfx xpi command strips by default what it thinks to be unused modules and .js files. To avoid this you need to run it with a special flag, like this: cfx xpi --no-strip-xpi