If you have a textbox it is submitted to the form even if it's left blank, so you want to check if the field was left blank. If it was then you can set the default.
You'll also want to do some server side validation that the value is a number and use cfqueryparam for inserting your value into the database.
<cfif NOT len(trim(FORM.Percentage))>
<cfset Form.Percentage = 100>
<cfif>
<cfquery result="percent" datasource="abc">
Insert into Employees (Percentage)
Values (
<cfqueryparam cf_sql_type="cf_sql_integer" value="#Form.Percentage#">
)
</cfquery>
When using cfquery with an INSERT the name attribute doesn't provide anything. Using result would allow you to view some data about the query if needed, but generally it shouldn't be used.
You could also have dumped form to the screen by using <cfdump var="#form#"> to see what it was returning. If you want to check that the key exists for a radio button or checkbox you can use structKeyExists(form,'myCheckbox') rather than using isDefined().