Mongoose and multiple database in single node.js project

Question

I'm doing a Node.js project that contains sub projects. One sub project will have one Mongodb database and Mongoose will be use for wrapping and querying db. But the problem is

• Mongoose doesn't allow to use multiple databases in single mongoose instance as the models are build on one connection.

• To use multiple mongoose instances, Node.js doesn't allow multiple module instances as it has caching system in require(). I know disable module caching in Node.js but I think it is not the good solution as it is only need for mongoose.

  I've tried to use createConnection() and openSet() in mongoose, but it was not the solution.

  I've tried to deep copy the mongoose instance (http://blog.imaginea.com/deep-copy-in-javascript/) to pass new mongoose instances to the sub project, but it throwing RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded.

I want to know is there anyways to use multiple database with mongoose or any workaround for this problem? Because I think mongoose is quite easy and fast. Or any other modules as recommendations?

Answer 1

One thing you can do is, you might have subfolders for each projects. So, install mongoose in that subfolders and require() mongoose from own folders in each sub applications. Not from the project root or from global. So one sub project, one mongoose installation and one mongoose instance.

-app_root/
--foo_app/
---db_access.js
---foo_db_connect.js
---node_modules/
----mongoose/
--bar_app/
---db_access.js
---bar_db_connect.js
---node_modules/
----mongoose/

In foo_db_connect.js

var mongoose = require('mongoose');
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/foo_db');
module.exports = exports = mongoose;

In bar_db_connect.js

var mongoose = require('mongoose');
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/bar_db');
module.exports = exports = mongoose;

In db_access.js files

var mongoose = require("./foo_db_connect.js"); // bar_db_connect.js for bar app

Now, you can access multiple databases with mongoose.

Answer 2

According to the fine manual, createConnection() can be used to connect to multiple databases.

However, you need to create separate models for each connection/database:

var conn      = mongoose.createConnection('mongodb://localhost/testA');
var conn2     = mongoose.createConnection('mongodb://localhost/testB');

// stored in 'testA' database
var ModelA    = conn.model('Model', new mongoose.Schema({
  title : { type : String, default : 'model in testA database' }
}));

// stored in 'testB' database
var ModelB    = conn2.model('Model', new mongoose.Schema({
  title : { type : String, default : 'model in testB database' }
}));

I'm pretty sure that you can share the schema between them, but you have to check to make sure.

Answer 3

Pretty late but this might help someone. The current answers assumes you are using the same file for your connections and models.

In real life, there is a high chance that you are splitting your models into different files. You can use something like this in your main file:

mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/default');

const db = mongoose.connection;

db.on('error', console.error.bind(console, 'connection error:'));
db.once('open', () => {
  console.log('connected');
});

which is just how it is described in the docs. And then in your model files, do something like the following:

import mongoose, { Schema } from 'mongoose';

const userInfoSchema = new Schema({
  createdAt: {
    type: Date,
    required: true,
    default: new Date(),
  },
  // ...other fields
});

const myDB = mongoose.connection.useDb('myDB');

const UserInfo = myDB.model('userInfo', userInfoSchema);

export default UserInfo;

Where myDB is your database name.

Answer 4

As an alternative approach, Mongoose does export a constructor for a new instance on the default instance. So something like this is possible.

var Mongoose = require('mongoose').Mongoose;

var instance1 = new Mongoose();
instance1.connect('foo');

var instance2 = new Mongoose();
instance2.connect('bar');

This is very useful when working with separate data sources, and also when you want to have a separate database context for each user or request. You will need to be careful, as it is possible to create a LOT of connections when doing this. Make sure to call disconnect() when instances are not needed, and also to limit the pool size created by each instance.

Answer 5

A bit optimized(for me atleast) solution. write this to a file db.js and require this to wherever required and call it with a function call and you are good to go.

   const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
    async function getConnections(url,db){
        return new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{
            MongoClient.connect(url, { useUnifiedTopology: true },function(err, client) {
                if(err) { console.error(err) 
                    resolve(false);
                }
                else{
                    resolve(client.db(db));
                }
            })
        });
    }

    module.exports = async function(){
        let dbs      = [];
        dbs['db1']     = await getConnections('mongodb://localhost:27017/','db1');
        dbs['db2']     = await getConnections('mongodb://localhost:27017/','db2');
        return dbs;
    };

Answer 6

Mongoose and multiple database in single node.js project

use useDb to solve this issue

example

//product databse

const myDB = mongoose.connection.useDb('product');

module.exports = myDB.model("Snack", snackSchema);

//user databse

const myDB = mongoose.connection.useDb('user');

module.exports = myDB.model("User", userSchema);