We have a Magento store on 1.5.0.1 Community Edition which uses configurable products with attribute sets to allow customers to select their preferred size and colour for a specific item (e.g., a shirt).
Each clothing range has its own attribute set, which was used to create the product, with simple products for each permutation of the product for stock keeping purposes.
We've compared all of the product's settings, and can't see any discrepancies between them, and yet one product range does not display the attribute drop-downs and add-to-cart button in the frontend, despite appearing in the frontend fine other than that.