The code worked fine when I ran it in terminal. The link showed a bar plot (below). May be your dash installation has some missing libraries / requirement files. You could try doing either pip install or conda install the pacakges listed below from terminal.
Example on how to install using pip
$ pip install <package name here>
or if using Ananconda
$ conda install <package name here>
example:
$ pip install chardet==3.0.4
Packages
chardet==3.0.4
click==6.7
Cython==0.28.2
dash==0.21.0
dash-core-components==0.22.1
dash-html-components==0.10.0
dash-renderer==0.12.1
decorator==4.3.0
nbformat==4.4.0
numpy==1.14.2
pandas==0.22.0
pandas-datareader==0.6.0
plotly==2.5.1
python-dateutil==2.7.2
pytz==2018.4
requests==2.18.4
urllib3==1.22
Werkzeug==0.14.1

Edit - 1 .........................................
import dash
import dash_core_components as dcc
import dash_html_components as html
app = dash.Dash()
app.layout = html.Div(children=[html.H1(children='Hello Dash')])
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run_server(debug=True)
Based on the post add the line below to import.
import dash
import dash_core_components as dcc
import dash_html_components as html
from dashapp import app as application
app = dash.Dash()
app.layout = html.Div(children=[html.H1(children='Hello Dash')])
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run_server(debug=True)
or
import dash
import dash_core_components as dcc
import dash_html_components as html
from dashapp import server as application
app = dash.Dash()
app.layout = html.Div(children=[html.H1(children='Hello Dash')])
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run_server(debug=True)
or
import dash
import dash_core_components as dcc
import dash_html_components as html
from dashapp import server as application
app = dash.Dash()
app.layout = html.Div(children=[html.H1(children='Hello Dash')])
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run_server(debug=True)
from dashapp import server as application
and/or change either of the following [post]:
app = Dash()
app = dash.Dash(__name__)
server = app.server
Edit - 2 .........................................
Install dash libraries
pip install dash==0.21.1 # The core dash backend
pip install dash-renderer==0.13.0 # The dash front-end
pip install dash-html-components==0.11.0 # HTML components
pip install dash-core-components==0.24.0 # Supercharged components
pip install plotly --upgrade # Latest Plotly graphing library
and also
pip install dash.ly --upgrade