How to suppress “error TS2533: Object is possibly 'null' or 'undefined'”?

Question

I have a type:

type tSelectProtected = {
  handleSelector?: string,
  data?: tSelectDataItem[],

  wrapperEle?: HTMLElement,
  inputEle?: HTMLElement,
  listEle?: HTMLElement,
  resultEle?: HTMLElement,

  maxVisibleListItems?: number
}

I declare a global module-wise variable:

var $protected : tSelectProtected = {};

I'm assigning proper value in function1() scope:

$protected.listEle = document.createElement('DIV');

Later in function2() scope, I'm calling:

$protected.listEle.classList.add('visible');

I'm getting TypeScript error:

error TS2533: Object is possibly 'null' or 'undefined'

I know that I can do explicit check using if ($protected.listEle) {$protected.listEle} to calm down compiler but this seems to be very unhandy for most non trivial cases.

How this situation can or should be handled without disabling TS compiler checks?

Answer 1

This feature is called "strict null checks", to turn it off ensure that the --strictNullChecks compiler flag is not set.

However, the existence of null has been described as The Billion Dollar Mistake, so it is exciting to see languages such as TypeScript introducing a fix. I'd strongly recommend keeping it turned on.

One way to fix this is to ensure that the values are never null or undefined, for example by initialising them up front:

interface SelectProtected {
    readonly wrapperElement: HTMLDivElement;
    readonly inputElement: HTMLInputElement;
}

const selectProtected: SelectProtected = {
    wrapperElement: document.createElement("div"),
    inputElement: document.createElement("input")
};

See Ryan Cavanaugh's answer for an alternative option, though!

Answer 2

If you know from external means that an expression is not null or undefined, you can use the non-null assertion operator ! to coerce away those types:

// Error, some.expr may be null or undefined
let x = some.expr.thing;
// OK
let y = some.expr!.thing;

Answer 3

You can suppress if needed, by adding a comment (with CAUTION below)

// @ts-ignore: Object is possibly 'null'.

Not a direct answer to the OP's question, but in my React application with Typescript - v3.6.2
tslint - v5.20.0

And using the following code

const refToElement = useRef(null);

if (refToElement && refToElement.current) {
     refToElement.current.focus(); // Object is possibly 'null' (for refToElement.current)
}

I moved on by suppressing the compiler for that line -

const refToElement = useRef(null);

if (refToElement && refToElement.current) {
     // @ts-ignore: Object is possibly 'null'.
     refToElement.current.focus(); 
}

CAUTION

Note that since it's a compiler error and not the linter error, // tslint:disable-next-line didn't work. Also, as per the documentation, this should be used rarely, only when necessary

UPDATE

With Typescript 3.7 onwards, you can use optional chaining, to solve the above problem as -

refToElement?.current?.focus();

Also, sometimes it just might be a matter of passing in the appropriate type to the generic paramenter, while using useRef.
Eg: In case of an input element -

const refToElement = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);

Answer 4

Update: Object chaining is a means to access properties on possibly null or undefined reference

object?.objectProperty?.nextProperty

Previously

if (object !== undefined) {
    // continue - error suppressed when used in this way.
}

Previously

const objectX = object as string

Although, before choosing one of the above workarounds, please consider the architecture you are aiming for and it's impact to the bigger picture.

Answer 5

This solution worked for me:

• go to tsconfig.json and add "strictNullChecks":false

Answer 6

To fix this you can simply use the exclamation mark if you're sure that the object is not null when accessing its property:

list!.values

At first sight, some people might confuse this with the safe navigation operator from angular, this is not the case!

list?.values

The ! post-fix expression will tell the TS compiler that variable is not null, if that's not the case it will crash at runtime

useRef

for useRef hook use like this

const value = inputRef?.current?.value

Answer 7

If you know the type will never be null or undefined, you should declare it as foo: Bar without the ?. Declaring a type with the ? Bar syntax means it could potentially be undefined, which is something you need to check for.

In other words, the compiler is doing exactly what you're asking it to. If you want it to be optional, you'll need to the check later.

Answer 8

This is not the OP's problem, but I got the same Object is possibly 'null' message when I had declared a parameter as the null type by accident:

something: null;

instead of assigning it the value of null:

something: string = null;

Answer 9

As an option, you can use a type casting. If you have this error from typescript that means that some variable has type or is undefined:

let a: string[] | undefined;

let b: number = a.length; // [ts] Object is possibly 'undefined'
let c: number = (a as string[]).length; // ok

Be sure that a really exist in your code.

Answer 10

For me this was an error with the ref and react:

const quoteElement = React.useRef()
const somethingElse = quoteElement!.current?.offsetHeight ?? 0

This would throw the error, the fix, to give it a type:

// <div> reference type
const divRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);

// <button> reference type
const buttonRef = React.useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);

// <br /> reference type
const brRef = React.useRef<HTMLBRElement>(null);

// <a> reference type
const linkRef = React.useRef<HTMLLinkElement>(null);

No more errors, hopefully in some way this might help somebody else, or even me in the future :P

Answer 11

Tip for RxJS

I'll often have member variables of type Observable<string>, and I won't be initializing it until ngOnInit (using Angular). The compiler then assumes it to be uninitialized becasue it isn't 'definitely assigned in the constructor' - and the compiler is never going to understand ngOnInit.

You can use the ! assertion operator on the definition to avoid the error:

favoriteColor!: Observable<string>;

An uninitialized observable can cause all kinds of runtime pain with errors like 'you must provide a stream but you provided null'. The ! is fine if you definitely know it's going to be set in something like ngOnInit, but there may be cases where the value is set in some other less deterministic way.

So an alternative I'll sometimes use is :

public loaded$: Observable<boolean> = uninitialized('loaded');

Where uninitialized is defined globally somewhere as:

export const uninitialized = (name: string) => throwError(name + ' not initialized');

Then if you ever use this stream without it being defined it will immediately throw a runtime error.

Answer 12

In ReactJS, I check in the constructor if the variables are null, if they are I treat it like an exception and manage the exception appropriately. If the variables are not null, code carries on and compiler does not complain anymore after that point:

private variable1: any;
private variable2: any;

constructor(props: IProps) {
    super(props);

    // i.e. here I am trying to access an HTML element
    // which might be null if there is a typo in the name
    this.variable1 = document.querySelector('element1');
    this.variable2 = document.querySelector('element2');

    // check if objects are null
    if(!this.variable1 || !this.variable2) {
        // Manage the 'exception', show the user a message, etc.
    } else {
        // Interpreter should not complain from this point on
        // in any part of the file
        this.variable1.disabled = true; // i.e. this line should not show the error
    }

Answer 13

As of TypeScript 3.7 (https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/release-notes/typescript-3-7.html), you can now use the ?. operator to get undefined when accessing an attribute (or calling a method) on a null or undefined object:

inputEl?.current?.focus(); // skips the call when inputEl or inputEl.current is null or undefined

Answer 14

I ran in to this with React when setting state and using map.

In this case I was making an API fetch call and the value of the response wasn't known, but should have a value "Answer". I used a custom type for this, but because the value could be null, I got a TS error anyway. Allowing the type to be null doesn't fix it; alternatively you could use a default parameter value, but this was messy for my case.

I overcame it by providing a default value in the event the response was empty by just using a ternary operator:

this.setState({ record: (response.Answer) ? response.Answer : [{ default: 'default' }] });

Answer 15

Try to call object like this:

(<any>Object).dosomething

This error has come because you have declared them as optional using ?. Now Typescript does strict check and it won't allow doing anything that may be undefined. Therefore, you can use (<any>yourObject) here.

Answer 16

In typescript you can do the following to suppress the error:

let subString?: string;

subString > !null; - Note the added exclamation mark before null.

Answer 17

This is not an answer for the OP but I've seen a lot of people confused about how to avoid this error in the comments. This is a simple way to pass the compiler check

if (typeof(object) !== 'undefined') {
    // your code
}

Note: This won't work

if (object !== undefined) {
        // your code
    }

Answer 18

This is rather verbose and don't like it but it's the only thing that worked for me:

if (inputFile && inputFile.current) {
        ((inputFile.current as never) as HTMLInputElement).click()
}

only

if (inputFile && inputFile.current) {
        inputFile.current.click() // also with ! or ? didn't work
}

didn't work for me. Typesript version: 3.9.7 with eslint and recommended rules.

Answer 19

import React, { useRef, useState } from 'react'
...
const inputRef = useRef()
....
function chooseFile() {
  const { current } = inputRef
  (current || { click: () => {}}).click()
}
...
<input
   onChange={e => {
     setFile(e.target.files)
    }}
   id="select-file"
   type="file"
   ref={inputRef}
/>
<Button onClick={chooseFile} shadow icon="/upload.svg">
   Choose file
</Button>

the unique code that works to me using next.js

Answer 20

I had this problem with Angular (11.x). On a previous day I moved a piece of HTML/component to a individual - smaller - component. On the next day my computer had shut down and my project couldn't build. It turned out that the component .html was the problem. So as said, it's the null safety...

From this (excerpt):

<div class="code mat-body-strong">{{ machine.productCode }}</div>

To this:

<div class="code mat-body-strong">{{ machine?.productCode }}</div>

Answer 21

In typescript, to mute message about possibility null:

Interface   {
  data: string|null
}

const myData = document.data ?? "";

Answer 22

You can use type casting for situations like:

// `textarea` is guaranteed to be loaded
const textarea = <HTMLTextAreaElement>document.querySelector('textarea')
👇 no error here
textarea.value = 'foo'

Answer 23

Pretty surprised no one answered this, all you got to do is check if the object exists before accessing it, it's pretty straight forward. Otherwise, make sure you initialize the values that your before accessing the object.

if($protected.listEle.classList) {
   $protected.listEle.classList.add('visible');
}

Answer 24

Not OPs problems but I fixed this by adding a null check

I changed:

*ngIf="username.invalid &&  username.errors.required"

To

*ngIf="username.invalid && username.errors != null && username.errors.required"

Answer 25

Bind you variable like this variabalName?.value It will work for sure.

Answer 26

// @ts-nocheck

Add this to the top of the file