How do I get the query builder to output its raw SQL query as a string?

Question

Given the following code:

DB::table('users')->get();

I want to get the raw SQL query string that the database query builder above will generate. In this example, it would be SELECT * FROM users.

How do I do this?

Answer 1

To output to the screen the last queries ran you can use this:

DB::enableQueryLog(); // Enable query log

// Your Eloquent query executed by using get()

dd(DB::getQueryLog()); // Show results of log

I believe the most recent queries will be at the bottom of the array.

You will have something like that:

array(1) {
  [0]=>
  array(3) {
    ["query"]=>
    string(21) "select * from "users""
    ["bindings"]=>
    array(0) {
    }
    ["time"]=>
    string(4) "0.92"
  }
}

(Thanks to Joshua's comment below.)

Answer 2

Use the toSql() method on a QueryBuilder instance.

DB::table('users')->toSql() would return:

select * from `users`

This is easier than wiring up an event listener, and also lets you check what the query will actually look like at any point while you're building it.

Note: This method works for query builder or Eloquent, however toSql() is used instead of first() or get(). You cannot run the query and also get the SQL at the same time using this method.

Answer 3

DB::QueryLog() works only after you execute the query using $builder->get().

If you want to get the raw query before or without executing the query, you can use the $builder->toSql() method.

Example to get the raw SQL and to replace '?' with actual binding values:

$query = str_replace(array('?'), array('\'%s\''), $builder->toSql());
$query = vsprintf($query, $builder->getBindings());
dump($query);

$result = $builder->get();

Or you can deliberately trigger an error, for example, by using a non-existent table or column. Then you can see the generated query in the exception message.

Answer 4

You can listen to the 'illuminate.query' event. Before the query add the following event listener:

Event::listen('illuminate.query', function($query, $params, $time, $conn) 
{ 
    dd(array($query, $params, $time, $conn));
});

DB::table('users')->get();

This will print out something like:

array(4) {
  [0]=>
  string(21) "select * from "users""
  [1]=>
  array(0) {
  }
  [2]=>
  string(4) "0.94"
  [3]=>
  string(6) "sqlite"
}

Answer 5

If you are trying to get the Log using Illuminate without Laravel use:

\Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager::getQueryLog();

You could also nock up a quick function like so:

function logger()
{
    $queries = \Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager::getQueryLog();
    $formattedQueries = [];
    foreach ($queries as $query) :
        $prep = $query['query'];

        foreach ($query['bindings'] as $binding) :

            if (is_bool($binding)) {
                $val = $binding === true ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE';
            } else if (is_numeric($binding)) {
                $val = $binding;
            } else {
                $val = "'$binding'";
            }

            $prep = preg_replace("#\?#", $val, $prep, 1);
        endforeach;
        $formattedQueries[] = $prep;
    endforeach;
    return $formattedQueries;
}

EDIT

updated versions seem to have query logging disabled by default (the above returns an empty array). To turn back on, when initialising the Capsule Manager, grab an instance of the connection and call the enableQueryLog method

$capsule::connection()->enableQueryLog();

EDIT AGAIN

Taking the actual question into consideration, you could actually do the following to convert the current single query instead of all previous queries:

$sql = $query->toSql();
$bindings = $query->getBindings();

Answer 6

There is a method in eloquent for getting query string.

toSql()

in our case,

 DB::table('users')->toSql(); 

return

select * from users

is the exact solution that return the SQL query string..Hope this helpful...

Answer 7

$data = User::toSql();
echo $data; //this will retrun select * from users. //here User is model

Answer 8

If you use laravel 5.1 and MySQL you can use this function made by me:

/*
 *  returns SQL with values in it
 */
function getSql($model)
{
    $replace = function ($sql, $bindings)
    {
        $needle = '?';
        foreach ($bindings as $replace){
            $pos = strpos($sql, $needle);
            if ($pos !== false) {
                if (gettype($replace) === "string") {
                     $replace = ' "'.addslashes($replace).'" ';
                }
                $sql = substr_replace($sql, $replace, $pos, strlen($needle));
            }
        }
        return $sql;
    };
    $sql = $replace($model->toSql(), $model->getBindings());
    
    return $sql;
}

As an input parameter you can use either of these

Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder

Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany

Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder

Answer 9

This is the far best solution I can suggest to any one for debug-ing eloquent last query or final query although this has been discussed as well:

// query builder
$query = DB::table('table_name')->where('id', 1);

// binding replaced
$sql = str_replace_array('?', $query->getBindings(), $query->toSql());

// for laravel 5.8^
$sql = Str::replaceArray('?', $query->getBindings(), $query->toSql());

// print
dd($sql);

Answer 10

First You will need to enable the query log by calling:

DB::enableQueryLog();

after queries using the DB facade you can write:

dd(DB::getQueryLog());

the output will like below:

array:1 [▼
  0 => array:3 [▼
    "query" => "select * from `users` left join `website_user` on `users`.`id` = `website_user`.`user_id` left join `region_user` on `users`.`id` = `region_user`.`user_id` left ▶"
    "bindings" => array:5 [▶]
    "time" => 3.79
  ]
]

Answer 11

A 'macroable' replacement to get the SQL query with the bindings.

1. Add below macro function in AppServiceProvider boot() method.

   \Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder::macro('toRawSql', function(){
       return array_reduce($this->getBindings(), function($sql, $binding){
           return preg_replace('/\?/', is_numeric($binding) ? $binding : "'".$binding."'" , $sql, 1);
       }, $this->toSql());
   });
   

2. Add an alias for the Eloquent Builder. (Laravel 5.4+)

   \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder::macro('toRawSql', function(){
       return ($this->getQuery()->toRawSql());
   });
   

3. Then debug as usual. (Laravel 5.4+)

   E.g. Query Builder

   \Log::debug(\DB::table('users')->limit(1)->toRawSql())
   

   E.g. Eloquent Builder

   \Log::debug(\App\User::limit(1)->toRawSql());
   

Note: from Laravel 5.1 to 5.3, Since Eloquent Builder doesn't make use of the Macroable trait, cannot add toRawSql an alias to the Eloquent Builder on the fly. Follow the below example to achieve the same.

E.g. Eloquent Builder (Laravel 5.1 - 5.3)

\Log::debug(\App\User::limit(1)->getQuery()->toRawSql());

Answer 12

First way:

Simply you can do following stuff using toSql() method,

$query = DB::table('users')->get();

echo $query->toSql();

If it's not working you can set-up the thing from laravel documentation.

Second way:

Another way to do it is

DB::getQueryLog()

but if it's returns an empty array then by default it's disabled visit this,

just enable with DB::enableQueryLog() and it will work :)

for more info visit Github Issue to know more about it.

Hope it helps :)

Answer 13

As of Laravel 5.8.15 the query builder now has dd and dump methods so you can do

DB::table('data')->where('a', 1)->dump();

Answer 14

In my opinion, this will be the best approach as a beginner:

echo "<pre>";
print_r($query->toSql());
print_r($query->getBindings());

This is also depicted here. https://stackoverflow.com/a/59207557/9573341

Answer 15

Add this function to your application and simply call.

function getQuery($sql){
        $query = str_replace(array('?'), array('\'%s\''), $sql->toSql());
        $query = vsprintf($query, $sql->getBindings());     
        return $query;
}

Output: "select * from user where lang = 'en' and status = '1' order by updated_at desc limit 25 offset 0"

Answer 16

The most easiest way is to make deliberate mistake. For example, I want to see the full SQL query of the following relation:

 public function jobs()
        {
            return $this->belongsToMany(Job::class, 'eqtype_jobs')
                   ->withPivot(['created_at','updated_at','id'])
                   ->orderBy('pivot_created_at','desc');
        }

I just to make a column to be not found, here I choose created_at and I changed it to created_ats by adding trailing s to be:

public function jobs()
            {
                return $this->belongsToMany(Job::class, 'eqtype_jobs')
                       ->withPivot(['created_ats','updated_at','id'])
                       ->orderBy('pivot_created_at','desc');
            }

So, the debuger will return the following error:

(4/4) ErrorException SQLSTATE[42S22]: Column not found: 1054 Unknown column 'eqtype_jobs.created_ats' in 'field list' (SQL: select jobs.*, eqtype_jobs.set_id as pivot_set_id, eqtype_jobs.job_id as pivot_job_id, eqtype_jobs.created_ats as pivot_created_ats, eqtype_jobs.updated_at as pivot_updated_at, eqtype_jobs.id as pivot_id from jobs inner join eqtype_jobs on jobs.id = eqtype_jobs.job_id where eqtype_jobs.set_id = 56 order by pivot_created_at desc limit 20 offset 0) (View: /home/said/www/factory/resources/views/set/show.blade.php)

The above error message returns the full SQL query with the mistake

SQL: select  jobs.*, eqtype_jobs.set_id as pivot_set_id,  eqtype_jobs.job_id as pivot_job_id, eqtype_jobs.created_ats as pivot_created_ats, eqtype_jobs.updated_at as  pivot_updated_at, eqtype_jobs.id as pivot_id from jobs inner join eqtype_jobs on jobs.id = eqtype_jobs.job_id where  eqtype_jobs.set_id = 56 order by pivot_created_at desc limit 20 offset 0

Now, just remove the extra s from created_at and test this SQL as you like in any SQL editor such as phpMyAdmin SQL editor!

Notice:

The solution has been tested with Laravel 5.4.

Answer 17

From laravel 5.2 and onward. you can use DB::listen to get executed queries.

DB::listen(function ($query) {
    // $query->sql
    // $query->bindings
    // $query->time
});

Or if you want to debug a single Builder instance then you can use toSql method.

DB::table('posts')->toSql(); 

Answer 18

use debugbar package

composer require "barryvdh/laravel-debugbar": "2.3.*"

Answer 19

To See Laravel Executed Query use laravel query log

DB::enableQueryLog();

$queries = DB::getQueryLog();

Answer 20

This is the function, I placed in my base model class. Simply pass the query builder object into it and the SQL string will be returned.

function getSQL($builder) {
  $sql = $builder->toSql();
  foreach ( $builder->getBindings() as $binding ) {
    $value = is_numeric($binding) ? $binding : "'".$binding."'";
    $sql = preg_replace('/\?/', $value, $sql, 1);
  }
  return $sql;
}

Answer 21

Try this:

$results = DB::table('users')->toSql();
dd($results);

Note: get() has been replaced with toSql() to display the raw SQL query.

Answer 22

There's a lot of information already answered, will just post my own findings that i've been using whenever i need to output the sql query before it's being executed.

Consider below sample:

$user = DB::table('user')->where('id',1);
echo $user->toSql();

echo $user->toSql() = This will just out put the raw query but will not show the parameter(s) passed.

To output the query with the parameter being passed we can use laravel getBindings() and helper str_replace_array like this:

$queryWithParam = str_replace_array('?',$user->getBindings(),$user->toSql());
echo $queryWithParam;

Hope this also helps.

Answer 23

For laravel 5.5.X

If you would like to receive each SQL query executed by your application, you may use the listen method. This method is useful for logging queries or debugging. You may register your query listener in a service provider:

<?php

namespace App\Providers;

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;

class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    /**
     * Bootstrap any application services.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        DB::listen(function ($query) {
            // $query->sql
            // $query->bindings
            // $query->time
        });
    }

    /**
     * Register the service provider.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function register()
    {
        //
    }
}

Source

Answer 24

My way of doing this, based on the log view, only needs to modify the file app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php:

1. Add this code into app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

/**
 * Bootstrap any application services.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function boot()
{
    //
    DB::listen(function ($query) {
        $querySql = str_replace(['?'], ['\'%s\''], $query->sql);
        $queryRawSql = vsprintf($querySql, $query->bindings);
        Log::debug('[SQL EXEC]', [
                "raw sql"  => $queryRawSql,
                "time" => $query->time,
            ]
        );
    });
}

2. My sql handle code :

$users = DB::table('users')
    ->select(DB::raw('count(*) as user_count, username '))
    ->where('uid', '>=', 10)
    ->limit(100)
    ->groupBy('username')
    ->get()
;
dd($users);

3. See log storage/logs/laravel-2019-10-27.log :

[2019-10-27 17:39:17] local.DEBUG: [SQL EXEC] {"raw sql":"select count(*) as user_count, username  from `users` where `uid` >= '10' group by `username` limit 100","time":304.21} 

Answer 25

You can use this package for get all the queries which are executing when you load your page

https://github.com/barryvdh/laravel-debugbar

Answer 26

As much as I love this framework, I hate when it acts like crap.

DB::enableQueryLog() is totally useless. DB::listen is equally useless. It showed part of the query when I said $query->count(), but if I do $query->get(), it has nothing to say.

The only solution that appears to work consistently is to intentionally put some syntax or other error in the ORM parameters, like an nonexistent column/table name, run your code on the command line while in debug mode, and it will spit out the SQL error with the full frickin' query finally. Otherwise, hopefully the error appears in the log file if ran from the web server.

Answer 27

Print last query

DB::enableQueryLog();

$query        = DB::getQueryLog();
$lastQuery    = end($query);
print_r($lastQuery);

Answer 28

If you are using tinker and want to log the SQL query formed you can do

$ php artisan tinker
Psy Shell v0.9.9 (PHP 7.3.5 — cli) by Justin Hileman
>>> DB::listen(function ($query) { dump($query->sql); dump($query->bindings); dump($query->time); });
=> null
>>> App\User::find(1)
"select * from `users` where `users`.`id` = ? limit 1"
array:1 [
  0 => 1
]
6.99
=> App\User {#3131
     id: 1,
     name: "admin",
     email: "[email protected]",
     created_at: "2019-01-11 19:06:23",
     updated_at: "2019-01-11 19:06:23",
   }
>>>

Answer 29

You can use toSql method - the easiest way

DB::table('users')->toSql();

And also if you have bindings in your query and want to see the query with bindings. You cant use somthing like that:

$query = DB::table('table')->whereIn('some_field', [1,2,30]); 

$sql_with_bindings = str_replace_array('?', $query->getBindings(), $query->toSql());

dd($sql_with_bindings);

Answer 30

If you are not using Laravel but using Eloquent package then:

use \Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager as Capsule;
use \Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher;
use \Illuminate\Container\Container;

$capsule = new Capsule;

$capsule->addConnection([
    // connection details
]);
// Set the event dispatcher used by Eloquent models... (optional)
$capsule->setEventDispatcher(new Dispatcher(new Container));

// Make this Capsule instance available globally via static methods... (optional)
$capsule->setAsGlobal();

// Setup the Eloquent ORM...(optional unless you've used setEventDispatcher())
$capsule->bootEloquent();

// Listen for Query Events for Debug
$events = new Dispatcher;
$events->listen('illuminate.query', function($query, $bindings, $time, $name)
{
    // Format binding data for sql insertion
    foreach ($bindings as $i => $binding) {
        if ($binding instanceof \DateTime) {
            $bindings[$i] = $binding->format('\'Y-m-d H:i:s\'');
        } else if (is_string($binding)) {
            $bindings[$i] = "'$binding'";`enter code here`
        }
    }

    // Insert bindings into query
    $query = str_replace(array('%', '?'), array('%%', '%s'), $query);
    $query = vsprintf($query, $bindings);

    // Debug SQL queries
    echo 'SQL: [' . $query . ']';
});

$capsule->setEventDispatcher($events);